This is a large patch from Eric Valette <valette@crf.canon.fr> that was

described in the message following this paragraph.  This patch also includes
a mcp750 BSP.

From valette@crf.canon.fr Mon Jun 14 10:03:08 1999
Date: Tue, 18 May 1999 01:30:14 +0200 (CEST)
From: VALETTE Eric <valette@crf.canon.fr>
To: joel@oarcorp.com
Cc: raguet@crf.canon.fr, rtems-snapshots@oarcorp.com, valette@crf.canon.fr
Subject: Questions/Suggestion regarding RTEMS PowerPC code (long)


Dear knowledgeable RTEMS powerpc users,

As some of you may know, I'm currently finalizing a port
of RTEMS on a MCP750 Motorola board. I have done most
of it but have some questions to ask before submitting
the port.

In order to understand some of the changes I have made
or would like to make, maybe it is worth describing the
MCP750 Motorola board.

the MCP750 is a COMPACT PCI powerpc board with :

	1) a MPC750 233 MHz processor,
	2) a raven bus bridge/PCI controller that
	implement an OPENPIC compliant interrupt controller,
	3) a VIA 82C586 PCI/ISA bridge that offers a PC
	compliant IO for keyboard, serial line, IDE, and
	the well known PC 8259 cascaded PIC interrupt
	architecture model,
	4) a DEC 21140 Ethernet controller,
	5) the PPCBUG Motorola firmware in flash,
	6) A DEC PCI bridge,

This architecture is common to most Motorola 60x/7xx
board except that :
	1) on VME board, the DEC PCI bridge is replaced by
	a VME chipset,
	2) the VIA 82C586 PCI/ISA bridge is replaced by
	another bridge that is almost fully compatible
	with the via bridge...

So the port should be a rather close basis for many
60x/7xx motorola board...

On this board, I already have ported Linux 2.2.3 and
use it both as a development and target board.

Now the questions/suggestions I have :

1)  EXCEPTION CODE
-------------------

As far as I know exceptions on PPC are handled like
interrupts. I dislike this very much as :

	a) Except for the decrementer exception (and
	maybe some other on mpc8xx), exceptions are
	not recoverable and the handler just need to print
	the full context and go to the firmware or debugger...
	b) The interrupt switch is only necessary for the
	decrementer and external interrupt (at least on
	6xx,7xx).
	c) The full context for exception is never saved and
	thus cannot be used by debugger... I do understand
	the most important for interrupts low level code
	is to save the minimal context enabling	to call C
	code for performance reasons. On non recoverable
	exception on the other hand, the most important is
	to save the maximum information concerning proc status
	in order to analyze the reason of the fault. At
	least we will need this in order to implement the
	port of RGDB on PPC

==> I wrote an API for connecting raw exceptions (and thus
raw interrupts) for mpc750. It should be valid for most
powerpc processors... I hope to find a way to make this coexist
with actual code layout. The code is actually located
in lib/libcpu/powerpc/mpc750 and is thus optional
(provided I write my own version of exec/score/cpu/powerpc/cpu.c ...)

See remark about files/directory layout organization in 4)

2) Current Implementation of ISR low level code
-----------------------------------------------

I do not understand why the MSR EE flags is cleared
again in exec/score/cpu/powerpc/irq_stubs.S

#if (PPC_USE_SPRG)
	mfmsr	r5
	mfspr   r6, sprg2
#else
        lwz	r6,msr_initial(r11)
	lis     r5,~PPC_MSR_DISABLE_MASK@ha
        ori     r5,r5,~PPC_MSR_DISABLE_MASK@l
	and	r6,r6,r5
	mfmsr	r5
#endif

Reading the doc, when a decrementer interrupt or an
external interrupt is active, the MSR EE flag is already
cleared. BTW if exception/interrupt could occur, it would
trash SRR0 and SRR1. In fact the code may be useful to set
MSR[RI] that re-enables exception processing. BTW I will need
to set other value in MSR to handle interrupts :

	a) I want the MSR[IR] and MSR[DR] to be set for
	performance reasons and also because I need DBAT
	support to have access to PCI memory space as the
	interrupt controller is in the PCI space.

Reading the code, I see others have the same kind of request :

/* SCE 980217
 *
 * We need address translation ON when we call our ISR routine

	mtmsr	r5

 */

This is just another prof that even the lowest level
IRQ code is fundamentally board dependent and
not simply processor dependent especially when
the processor use external interrupt controller
because it has a single interrupt request line...

Note that if you look at the PPC code high level interrupt
handling code, as the "set_vector" routine that really connects
the interrupt is in the BSP/startup/genpvec.c,
the fact that IRQ handling is BSP specific is DE-FACTO
acknowledged.

I know I have already expressed this and understand that this
would require some heavy change in the code but believe
me you will reach a point where you will not be able
to find a compatible while optimum implementation for low level
interrupt handling code...) In my case this is already true...

So please consider removing low level IRQ handling from
exec/score/cpu/* and only let there exception handling code...
Exceptions are usually only processor dependent and do
not depend on external hardware mechanism to be masked or
acknowledged or re-enabled (there are probably exception but ...)

I have already done this for pc386 bsp but need to make it again.
This time I will even propose an API.

3) R2/R13 manipulation for EABI implementation
----------------------------------------------

I do not understand the handling of r2 and r13 in the
EABI case. The specification for r2 says pointer to sdata2,
sbss2 section => constant. However I do not see -ffixed-r2
passed to any compilation system in make/custom/*
(for info linux does this on PPC).

So either this is a default compiler option when choosing
powerpc-rtems and thus we do not need to do anything with
this register as all the code is compiled with this compiler
and linked together OR this register may be used by rtems code
and then we do not need any special initialization or
handling.

The specification for r13 says pointer to the small data
area. r13 argumentation is the same except that as far
as I know the usage of the small data area requires
specific compiler support so that access to variables is
compiled via loading the LSB in a register and then
using r13 to get full address... It is like a small
memory model and it was present in IBM C compilers.

=> I propose to suppress any specific code for r2 and
r13 in the EABI case.

4) Code layout organization (yes again :-))
-------------------------------------------

I think there are a number of design flaws in the way
the code is for ppc organized and I will try to point them out.
I have been beaten by this again on this new port, and
was beaten last year while modifying code for pc386.

a) exec/score/cpu/* vs lib/libcpu/cpu/*.

I think that too many things are put in exec/score/cpu that
have nothing to do with RTEMS internals but are rather
related to CPU feature.

This include at least :

	a) registers access routine (e.g GET_MSR_Value),
	b) interrupt masking/unmasking routines,
	c) cache_mngt_routine,
	d) mmu_mngt_routine,
	e) Routines to connect the raw_exception, raw_interrupt
	handler,

b) lib/libcpu/cpu/powerpc/*

With a processor family as exuberant as the powerpc family,
and their well known subtle differences (604 vs 750) or
unfortunately majors (8xx vs 60x)  the directory structure
is fine (except maybe the names that are not homogeneous)

	powerpc

ppc421 mpc821 ...

I only needed to add mpc750. But the fact that libcpu.a was not
produced was a pain and the fact that this organization may
duplicates code is also problematic.

So, except if the support of automake provides a better solution
I would like to propose something like this :

		powerpc

mpc421 	mpc821	...	mpc750	shared wrapup

with the following rules :

	a) "shared" would act as a source container for sources that may
	be shared among processors. Needed files would be compiled inside
	the processor specific directory using the vpath Makefile
	mechanism. "shared" may also contain compilation code
	for routine that are really shared and not worth to inline...
	(did not found many things so far as registers access routine
	ARE WORTH INLINING)... In the case something is compiled there,
	it should create libcpushared.a

	b) layout under processor specific directory is free provided
	that
		1)the result of the compilation process exports :

		libcpu/powerpc/"PROC"/*.h in $(PROJECT_INCLUDE)/libcpu

		2) each processor specific directory creates
		a library called libcpuspecific.a
	Note that this organization enables to have a file that
	is nearly the same than in shared but that must differ
	because of processor differences...

	c) "wrapup" should create libcpu.a using libcpushared.a
	libcpuspecific.a and export it $(PROJECT_INCLUDE)/libcpu

The only thing I have no ideal solution is the way to put shared
definitions in "shared" and only processor specific definition
in "proc". To give a concrete example, most MSR bit definition
are shared among PPC processors and only some differs. if we create
a single msr.h in shared it will have ifdef. If in msr.h we
include libcpu/msr_c.h we will need to have it in each prowerpc
specific directory (even empty). Opinions are welcomed ...

Note that a similar mechanism exist in libbsp/i386 that also
contains a shared directory that is used by several bsp
like pc386 and i386ex and a similar wrapup mechanism...

NB: I have done this for mpc750 and other processors could just use
similar Makefiles...

c) The exec/score/cpu/powerpc directory layout.

I think the directory layout should be the same than the
libcpu/powerpc. As it is not, there are a lot of ifdefs
inside the code... And of course low level interrupt handling
code should be removed...

Besides that I do not understand why

	1) things are compiled in the wrap directory,
	2) some includes are moved to rtems/score,

I think the "preinstall" mechanism enables to put
everything in the current directory (or better in a per processor
directory),


5) Interrupt handling API
-------------------------

Again :-). But I think that using all the features the PIC
offers is a MUST for RT system. I already explained in the
prologue of this (long and probably boring) mail that the MCP750
boards offers an OPENPIC compliant architecture and that
the VIA 82586 PCI/ISA bridge offers a PC compatible IO and
PIC mapping. Here is a logical view of the RAVEN/VIA 82586
interrupt mapping :


---------    0  ------
| OPEN	| <-----|8259|
| PIC	|	|    |    2  ------
|(RAVEN)|	|    | <-----|8259|
|	|	|    |	     |    |   11
|	|	|    |	     |    | <----
|	|	|    |	     |    |
|	|	|    |	     |    |
---------       ------	     |    |
    ^			     ------
    |		VIA PCI/ISA bridge
    |  x
    -------- PCI interrupts

OPENPIC offers interrupt priorities among PCI interrupts
and interrupt selective masking. The 8259 offers the same kind
of feature. With actual powerpc interrupt code :

	1) there is no way to specify priorities among
	interrupts handler. This is REALLY a bad thing.
	For me it is as importnat as having priorities
	for threads...
	2) for my implementation, each ISR should
	contain the code that acknowledge the RAVEN
	and 8259 cascade, modify interrupt mask on both
	chips, and reenable interrupt at processor level,
	..., restore then on interrupt return,.... This code
	is actually similar to code located in some
	genpvec.c powerpc files,
	3) I must update _ISR_Nesting_level because
	irq.inl use it...
	4) the libchip code connects the ISR via set_vector
	but the libchip handler code does not contain any code to
	manipulate external interrupt controller hardware
	in order to acknoledge the interrupt or re-enable
	them (except for the target hardware of course)
	So this code is broken unless set_vector adds an
	additionnal prologue/epilogue before calling/returning
	from in order to acknoledge/mask the raven and the
	8259 PICS... => Anyway already EACH BSP MUST REWRITE
	PART OF INTERRUPT HANDLING CODE TO CORRECTLY IMPLEMENT
	SET_VECTOR.

I would rather offer an API similar to the one provided
in libbsp/i386/shared/irq/irq.h so that :

	1) Once the driver supplied methods is called the
	only things the ISR has to do is to worry about the
	external hardware that triggered the interrupt.
	Everything on openpic/VIA/processor would have been
	done by the low levels (same things as set-vector)
	2) The caller will need to supply the on/off/isOn
	routine that are fundamental to correctly implements
	debuggers/performance monitoring is a portable way
	3) A globally configurable interrupt priorities
	mechanism...

I have nothing against providing a compatible
set_vector just to make libchip happy but
as I have already explained in  other
mails (months ago), I really think that the ISR
connection should be handled by the BSP and that no
code containing irq connection should exist the
rtems generic layers... Thus I really dislike
libchip on this aspect because in a long term
it will force to adopt the less reach API
for interrupt handling that exists (set_vector).

Additional note : I think the _ISR_Is_in_progress()
inline routine should be :

	1) Put in a processor specific section,
	2) Should not rely on a global variable,

As :
	a) on symmetric MP, there is one interrupt level
	per CPU,
	b) On processor that have an ISP (e,g 68040),
	this variable is useless (MSR bit testing could
	be used)
	c) On PPC, instead of using the address of the
	variable via __CPU_IRQ_info.Nest_level a dedicated
	SPR could be used.

NOTE:	most of this is also true for _Thread_Dispatch_disable_level


END NOTE
--------

Please do not take what I said in the mail as a criticism for
anyone who submitted ppc code. Any code present helped me
a lot understanding PPC behavior. I just wanted by this
mail to :
	1) try to better understand the actual code,
	2) propose concrete ways of enhancing current code
	by providing an alternative implementation for MCP750. I
	will make my best effort to try to brake nothing but this
	is actually hard due to the file layout organisation.
	3) make understandable some changes I will probably make
	if joel let me do them :-)

Any comments/objections are welcomed as usual.



--
   __
  /  `                   	Eric Valette
 /--   __  o _.          	Canon CRF
(___, / (_(_(__         	Rue de la touche lambert
				35517 Cesson-Sevigne  Cedex
				FRANCE
Tel: +33 (0)2 99 87 68 91	Fax: +33 (0)2 99 84 11 30
E-mail: valette@crf.canon.fr

1 files changed, 615 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/c/src/exec/score/cpu/powerpc/rtems/score/ppc.h b/c/src/exec/score/cpu/powerpc/rtems/score/ppc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..27f8a4cfc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/c/src/exec/score/cpu/powerpc/rtems/score/ppc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,615 @@
+/*  ppc.h
+ *
+ *  This file contains definitions for the IBM/Motorola PowerPC
+ *  family members.
+ *
+ *  Author:	Andrew Bray <andy@i-cubed.co.uk>
+ *
+ *  COPYRIGHT (c) 1995 by i-cubed ltd.
+ *
+ *  MPC860 support code was added by Jay Monkman <jmonkman@frasca.com>
+ *
+ *  To anyone who acknowledges that this file is provided "AS IS"
+ *  without any express or implied warranty:
+ *      permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this file
+ *      for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that
+ *      the above copyright notice and this notice appears in all
+ *      copies, and that the name of i-cubed limited not be used in
+ *      advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the
+ *      software without specific, written prior permission.
+ *      i-cubed limited makes no representations about the suitability
+ *      of this software for any purpose.
+ *
+ *  Derived from c/src/exec/cpu/no_cpu/no_cpu.h:
+ *
+ *  COPYRIGHT (c) 1989-1997.
+ *  On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR).
+ *
+ *  The license and distribution terms for this file may in
+ *  the file LICENSE in this distribution or at
+ *  http://www.OARcorp.com/rtems/license.html.
+ *
+ *
+ * Note:
+ *      This file is included by both C and assembler code ( -DASM )
+ *
+ *  $Id$
+ */
+
+
+#ifndef _INCLUDE_PPC_h
+#define _INCLUDE_PPC_h
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Define the name of the CPU family.
+ */
+
+#define CPU_NAME "PowerPC"
+
+/*
+ *  This file contains the information required to build
+ *  RTEMS for a particular member of the PowerPC family.  It does
+ *  this by setting variables to indicate which implementation
+ *  dependent features are present in a particular member
+ *  of the family.
+ *
+ *  The following architectural feature definitions are defaulted
+ *  unless specifically set by the model definition:
+ *
+ *    + PPC_DEBUG_MODEL          - PPC_DEBUG_MODEL_STANDARD
+ *    + PPC_INTERRUPT_MAX        - 16
+ *    + PPC_CACHE_ALIGNMENT      - 32
+ *    + PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE       - PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE_NONE
+ *    + PPC_HAS_EXCEPTION_PREFIX - 1
+ *    + PPC_HAS_FPU              - 1
+ *    + PPC_HAS_DOUBLE           - 1 if PPC_HAS_FPU, 
+ *                               - 0 otherwise
+ *    + PPC_USE_MULTIPLE         - 0
+ */
+ 
+/*
+ *  Define the debugging assistance models found in the PPC family.
+ *
+ *  Standard:         single step and branch trace
+ *  Single Step Only: single step only
+ *  IBM 4xx:          debug exception
+ */
+
+#define PPC_DEBUG_MODEL_STANDARD         1
+#define PPC_DEBUG_MODEL_SINGLE_STEP_ONLY 2
+#define PPC_DEBUG_MODEL_IBM4xx           3
+
+/*
+ *  Define the low power mode models
+ *
+ *  Standard:   as defined for 603e
+ *  Nap Mode:   nap mode only (604)
+ *  XXX 403GB, 603, 603e, 604, 821
+ */
+
+#define PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE_NONE      0
+#define PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE_STANDARD  1
+
+#if defined(ppc403)
+/*
+ *  IBM 403
+ *
+ *  Developed for 403GA.  Book checked for 403GB.
+ *
+ *  Does not have user mode.
+ */
+ 
+#define CPU_MODEL_NAME "PowerPC 403"
+#define PPC_ALIGNMENT		4  
+#define PPC_CACHE_ALIGNMENT	16
+#define PPC_HAS_RFCI    	1
+#define PPC_HAS_FPU     	0
+#define PPC_USE_MULTIPLE	1
+#define PPC_I_CACHE		2048
+#define PPC_D_CACHE		1024
+
+#define PPC_DEBUG_MODEL          PPC_DEBUG_MODEL_IBM4xx
+#define PPC_HAS_EXCEPTION_PREFIX 0
+#define PPC_HAS_EVPR             1
+
+#elif defined(ppc601)
+/*
+ *  Submitted with original port -- book checked only.
+ */
+ 
+#define CPU_MODEL_NAME  "PowerPC 601"
+
+#define PPC_ALIGNMENT		8
+#define PPC_USE_MULTIPLE	1
+#define PPC_I_CACHE		0
+#define PPC_D_CACHE		32768
+
+#define PPC_DEBUG_MODEL PPC_DEBUG_MODEL_SINGLE_STEP_ONLY
+
+#elif defined(ppc602)
+/*
+ *  Submitted with original port -- book checked only.
+ */
+ 
+#define CPU_MODEL_NAME  "PowerPC 602"
+
+#define PPC_ALIGNMENT		4
+#define PPC_HAS_DOUBLE		0
+#define PPC_I_CACHE		4096
+#define PPC_D_CACHE		4096
+
+#elif defined(ppc603)
+/*
+ *  Submitted with original port -- book checked only.
+ */
+ 
+#define CPU_MODEL_NAME  "PowerPC 603"
+
+#define PPC_ALIGNMENT		8
+#define PPC_I_CACHE		8192
+#define PPC_D_CACHE		8192
+
+#elif defined(ppc603e)
+ 
+#define CPU_MODEL_NAME  "PowerPC 603e"
+/*
+ *  Submitted with original port.
+ *
+ *  Known to work on real hardware.
+ */
+
+#define PPC_ALIGNMENT		8
+#define PPC_I_CACHE		16384
+#define PPC_D_CACHE		16384
+
+#define PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE_STANDARD
+
+#elif defined(ppc604)
+/*
+ *  Submitted with original port -- book checked only.
+ */
+ 
+#define CPU_MODEL_NAME  "PowerPC 604"
+
+#define PPC_ALIGNMENT		8
+#define PPC_I_CACHE		16384
+#define PPC_D_CACHE		16384
+ 
+#elif defined(mpc860)
+/* 
+ *  Added by Jay Monkman (jmonkman@frasca.com) 6/28/98 
+ */ 
+#define CPU_MODEL_NAME  "PowerPC MPC860"
+
+#define PPC_ALIGNMENT		4
+#define PPC_I_CACHE             4096
+#define PPC_D_CACHE             4096
+#define PPC_CACHE_ALIGNMENT	16
+#define PPC_INTERRUPT_MAX       71
+#define PPC_HAS_FPU     	0
+#define PPC_HAS_DOUBLE		0
+#define PPC_USE_MULTIPLE	1
+#define PPC_USE_SPRG            1
+
+#define PPC_MSR_0		0x00009000
+#define PPC_MSR_1		0x00001000
+#define PPC_MSR_2		0x00001000
+#define PPC_MSR_3		0x00000000
+
+#elif defined(mpc821)
+/* 
+ *  Added by Andrew Bray <andy@chaos.org.uk> 6/April/1999
+ */ 
+#define CPU_MODEL_NAME  "PowerPC MPC821"
+
+#define PPC_ALIGNMENT		4
+#define PPC_I_CACHE             4096
+#define PPC_D_CACHE             4096
+#define PPC_CACHE_ALIGNMENT	16
+#define PPC_INTERRUPT_MAX       71
+#define PPC_HAS_FPU     	0
+#define PPC_HAS_DOUBLE		0
+
+#define PPC_MSR_0		0x00009000
+#define PPC_MSR_1		0x00001000
+#define PPC_MSR_2		0x00001000
+#define PPC_MSR_3		0x00000000
+
+#elif defined(mpc750)
+
+#define CPU_MODEL_NAME  "PowerPC 750"
+
+#define PPC_ALIGNMENT		8
+#define PPC_I_CACHE		16384
+#define PPC_D_CACHE		16384
+  
+#else
+ 
+#error "Unsupported CPU Model"
+ 
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Application binary interfaces.
+ *
+ *  PPC_ABI MUST be defined as one of these.
+ *  Only PPC_ABI_POWEROPEN is currently fully supported.
+ *  Only EABI will be supported in the end when
+ *  the tools are there.
+ *  Only big endian is currently supported.
+ */
+/*
+ *  PowerOpen ABI.  This is Andy's hack of the
+ *  PowerOpen ABI to ELF.  ELF rather than a
+ *  XCOFF assembler is used.  This may work
+ *  if PPC_ASM == PPC_ASM_XCOFF is defined.
+ */
+#define PPC_ABI_POWEROPEN	0
+/*
+ *  GCC 2.7.0 munched version of EABI, with
+ *  PowerOpen calling convention and stack frames,
+ *  but EABI style indirect function calls.
+ */
+#define PPC_ABI_GCC27		1
+/*
+ *  SVR4 ABI
+ */
+#define PPC_ABI_SVR4		2
+/*
+ *  Embedded ABI
+ */
+#define PPC_ABI_EABI		3
+
+#if (PPC_ABI == PPC_ABI_POWEROPEN)
+#define PPC_STACK_ALIGNMENT	8
+#elif (PPC_ABI == PPC_ABI_GCC27)
+#define PPC_STACK_ALIGNMENT	8
+#elif (PPC_ABI == PPC_ABI_SVR4)
+#define PPC_STACK_ALIGNMENT	16
+#elif (PPC_ABI == PPC_ABI_EABI)
+#define PPC_STACK_ALIGNMENT	8
+#else
+#error  "PPC_ABI is not properly defined"
+#endif
+#ifndef PPC_ABI
+#error  "PPC_ABI is not properly defined"
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Assemblers.
+ *  PPC_ASM MUST be defined as one of these.
+ *
+ *  PPC_ASM_ELF:   ELF assembler. Currently used for all ABIs.
+ *  PPC_ASM_XCOFF: XCOFF assembler. May be needed for PowerOpen ABI.
+ *
+ *  NOTE: Only PPC_ABI_ELF is currently fully supported.
+ */
+
+#define PPC_ASM_ELF   0
+#define PPC_ASM_XCOFF 1
+
+/*
+ *  Use the default debug scheme defined in the architectural specification
+ *  if another model has not been specified.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PPC_DEBUG_MODEL
+#define PPC_DEBUG_MODEL PPC_DEBUG_MODEL_STANDARD
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  If the maximum number of exception sources has not been defined,
+ *  then default it to 16.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PPC_INTERRUPT_MAX
+#define PPC_INTERRUPT_MAX	16
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Unless specified otherwise, the cache line size is defaulted to 32.
+ *
+ *  The derive the power of 2 the cache line is.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PPC_CACHE_ALIGNMENT
+#define PPC_CACHE_ALIGNMENT 32
+#endif
+
+#if (PPC_CACHE_ALIGNMENT == 16)
+#define PPC_CACHE_ALIGN_POWER 4
+#elif (PPC_CACHE_ALIGNMENT == 32)
+#define PPC_CACHE_ALIGN_POWER 5
+#else
+#error "Undefined power of 2 for PPC_CACHE_ALIGNMENT"
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Unless otherwise specified, assume the model has an IP/EP bit to
+ *  set the exception address prefix.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PPC_HAS_EXCEPTION_PREFIX
+#define PPC_HAS_EXCEPTION_PREFIX 1
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Unless otherwise specified, assume the model does NOT have
+ *  403 style EVPR register to set the exception address prefix.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PPC_HAS_EVPR
+#define PPC_HAS_EVPR 0
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  If no low power mode model was specified, then assume there is none.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE
+#define PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE_NONE
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Unless specified above, then assume the model has FP support.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PPC_HAS_FPU
+#define PPC_HAS_FPU 1
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Unless specified above, If the model has FP support, it is assumed to
+ *  support doubles (8-byte floating point numbers).
+ *
+ *  If the model does NOT have FP support, then the model does
+ *  NOT have double length FP registers. 
+ */
+
+#ifndef PPC_HAS_DOUBLE
+#if (PPC_HAS_FPU)
+#define PPC_HAS_DOUBLE 1
+#else
+#define PPC_HAS_DOUBLE 0
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Unless specified above, then assume the model does NOT have critical
+ *  interrupt support.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PPC_HAS_RFCI
+#define PPC_HAS_RFCI 0
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Unless specified above, do not use the load/store multiple instructions
+ *  in a context switch.
+ */
+
+#ifndef PPC_USE_MULTIPLE
+#define PPC_USE_MULTIPLE 0
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  The following exceptions are not maskable, and are not
+ *  necessarily predictable, so cannot be offered to RTEMS:
+ *    Alignment exception - handled by the CPU module
+ *    Data exceptions.
+ *    Instruction exceptions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ *  Base Interrupt vectors supported on all models.
+ */
+#define PPC_IRQ_SYSTEM_RESET	 0 /* 0x00100 - System reset.              */
+#define PPC_IRQ_MCHECK		 1 /* 0x00200 - Machine check              */
+#define PPC_IRQ_PROTECT		 2 /* 0x00300 - Protection violation       */
+#define PPC_IRQ_ISI              3 /* 0x00400 - Instruction Fetch error    */
+#define PPC_IRQ_EXTERNAL	 4 /* 0x00500 - External interrupt         */
+#define PPC_IRQ_ALIGNMENT        5 /* 0X00600 - Alignment exception        */
+#define PPC_IRQ_PROGRAM		 6 /* 0x00700 - Program exception          */
+#define PPC_IRQ_NOFP		 7 /* 0x00800 - Floating point unavailable */
+#define PPC_IRQ_DECREMENTER	 8 /* 0x00900 - Decrementer interrupt      */
+#define PPC_IRQ_RESERVED_A       9 /* 0x00a00 - Implementation Reserved    */
+#define PPC_IRQ_RESERVED_B      10 /* 0x00a00 - Implementation Reserved    */
+#define PPC_IRQ_SCALL		11 /* 0x00c00 - System call                */
+#define PPC_IRQ_TRACE           12 /* 0x00d00 - Trace Exception            */
+#define PPC_IRQ_FP_ASST         13 /* ox00e00 - Floating point assist      */
+#define PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST        PPC_IRQ_FP_ASST
+
+#define PPC_IRQ_FIRST           PPC_IRQ_SYSTEM_RESET
+
+#if defined(ppc403)
+                                  
+#define PPC_IRQ_CRIT     PPC_IRQ_SYSTEM_RESET /*0x00100- Critical int. pin */
+#define PPC_IRQ_PIT      (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+1) /*0x01000- Pgm interval timer*/
+#define PPC_IRQ_FIT	 (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+2) /*0x01010- Fixed int. timer  */
+#define PPC_IRQ_WATCHDOG (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+3) /*0x01020- Watchdog timer    */
+#define PPC_IRQ_DEBUG	 (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+4) /*0x02000- Debug exceptions  */
+#define PPC_IRQ_LAST     PPC_IRQ_DEBUG    
+
+#elif defined(ppc601)
+#define PPC_IRQ_TRACE    (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+1) /*0x02000-Run/Trace Exception*/
+#define PPC_IRQ_LAST     PPC_IRQ_TRACE       
+
+#elif defined(ppc602)
+#define PPC_IRQ_LAST     (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST) 
+
+#elif defined(ppc603)
+#define PPC_IRQ_TRANS_MISS (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+1) /*0x1000-Ins Translation Miss*/
+#define PPC_IRQ_DATA_LOAD  (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+2) /*0x1100-Data Load Trans Miss*/
+#define PPC_IRQ_DATA_STORE (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+3) /*0x1200-Data Store Miss     */
+#define PPC_IRQ_ADDR_BRK   (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+4) /*0x1300-Instruction Bkpoint */
+#define PPC_IRQ_SYS_MGT    (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+5) /*0x1400-System Management   */
+#define PPC_IRQ_LAST       PPC_IRQ_SYS_MGT    
+
+#elif defined(ppc603e)
+#define PPC_TLB_INST_MISS  (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+1) /*0x1000-Instruction TLB Miss*/
+#define PPC_TLB_LOAD_MISS  (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+2) /*0x1100-TLB miss on load  */
+#define PPC_TLB_STORE_MISS (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+3) /*0x1200-TLB Miss on store */
+#define PPC_IRQ_ADDRBRK    (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+4) /*0x1300-Instruct addr break */
+#define PPC_IRQ_SYS_MGT    (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+5) /*0x1400-System Management   */
+#define PPC_IRQ_LAST       PPC_IRQ_SYS_MGT    
+
+
+#elif defined(ppc604)
+#define PPC_IRQ_ADDR_BRK (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+1) /*0x1300- Inst. addr break  */
+#define PPC_IRQ_SYS_MGT  (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+2) /*0x1400- System Management */
+#define PPC_IRQ_LAST     PPC_IRQ_SYS_MGT  
+
+#elif defined(mpc860) || defined(mpc821)
+#define PPC_IRQ_EMULATE         (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+1) /*0x1000-Software emulation  */
+#define PPC_IRQ_INST_MISS       (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+2) /*0x1100-Instruction TLB miss*/
+#define PPC_IRQ_DATA_MISS       (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+3) /*0x1200-Data TLB miss */
+#define PPC_IRQ_INST_ERR        (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+4) /*0x1300-Instruction TLB err */
+#define PPC_IRQ_DATA_ERR        (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+5) /*0x1400-Data TLB error */
+#define PPC_IRQ_DATA_BPNT       (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+6) /*0x1C00-Data breakpoint */
+#define PPC_IRQ_INST_BPNT       (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+7) /*0x1D00-Inst breakpoint */
+#define PPC_IRQ_IO_BPNT         (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+8) /*0x1E00-Peripheral breakpnt */
+#define PPC_IRQ_DEV_PORT        (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST+9) /*0x1F00-Development port */
+#define PPC_IRQ_IRQ0            (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 10)
+#define PPC_IRQ_LVL0            (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 11)
+#define PPC_IRQ_IRQ1            (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 12)
+#define PPC_IRQ_LVL1            (PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 13)
+#define PPC_IRQ_IRQ2		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 14)
+#define PPC_IRQ_LVL2		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 15)
+#define PPC_IRQ_IRQ3		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 16)
+#define PPC_IRQ_LVL3		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 17)
+#define PPC_IRQ_IRQ4		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 18)
+#define PPC_IRQ_LVL4		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 19)
+#define PPC_IRQ_IRQ5		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 20)
+#define PPC_IRQ_LVL5		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 21)
+#define PPC_IRQ_IRQ6		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 22)
+#define PPC_IRQ_LVL6		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 23)
+#define PPC_IRQ_IRQ7		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 24)
+#define PPC_IRQ_LVL7		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 25)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_RESERVED_0	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 26)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC4		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 27)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC5		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 28)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_SMC2	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 29)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_SMC1	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 30)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_SPI		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 31)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC6		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 32)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_TIMER4	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 33)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_RESERVED_8	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 34)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC7		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 35)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC8		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 36)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC9		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 37)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_TIMER3	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 38)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_RESERVED_D	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 39)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC10	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 40)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC11	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 41)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_I2C		(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 42)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_RISC_TIMER	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 43)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_TIMER2	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 44)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_RESERVED_13	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 45)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_IDMA2	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 46)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_IDMA1	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 47)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_SDMA_ERROR	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 48)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC12	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 49)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC13	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 50)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_TIMER1	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 51)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC14	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 52)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_SCC4	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 53)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_SCC3	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 54)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_SCC2	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 55)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_SCC1	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 56)
+#define PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC15	(PPC_STD_IRQ_LAST + 57)
+
+#define PPC_IRQ_LAST             PPC_IRQ_CPM_PC15
+
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  If the maximum number of exception sources is too low,
+ *  then fix it
+ */
+
+#if PPC_INTERRUPT_MAX <= PPC_IRQ_LAST
+#undef PPC_INTERRUPT_MAX
+#define PPC_INTERRUPT_MAX ((PPC_IRQ_LAST) + 1)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Machine Status Register (MSR) Constants Used by RTEMS
+ */
+
+/*
+ *  Some PPC model manuals refer to the Exception Prefix (EP) bit as
+ *  IP for no apparent reason.
+ */
+
+#define PPC_MSR_RI       0x000000002 /* bit 30 - recoverable exception */
+#define PPC_MSR_DR       0x000000010 /* bit 27 - data address translation */
+#define PPC_MSR_IR       0x000000020 /* bit 26 - instruction addr translation*/
+
+#if (PPC_HAS_EXCEPTION_PREFIX)
+#define PPC_MSR_EP       0x000000040 /* bit 25 - exception prefix */
+#else
+#define PPC_MSR_EP       0x000000000 /* bit 25 - exception prefix */
+#endif
+
+#if (PPC_HAS_FPU)
+#define PPC_MSR_FP       0x000002000 /* bit 18 - floating point enable */
+#else
+#define PPC_MSR_FP       0x000000000 /* bit 18 - floating point enable */
+#endif
+
+#if (PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE == PPC_LOW_POWER_MODE_NONE)
+#define PPC_MSR_POW      0x000000000 /* bit 13 - power management enable */
+#else
+#define PPC_MSR_POW      0x000040000 /* bit 13 - power management enable */
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Interrupt/exception MSR bits set as defined on p. 2-20 in "The Programming
+ *  Environments" and the manuals for various PPC models.
+ */
+
+#if (PPC_DEBUG_MODEL == PPC_DEBUG_MODEL_STANDARD)
+#define PPC_MSR_DE       0x000000000 /* bit 22 - debug exception enable */
+#define PPC_MSR_BE       0x000000200 /* bit 22 - branch trace enable */
+#define PPC_MSR_SE       0x000000400 /* bit 21 - single step trace enable */
+#elif (PPC_DEBUG_MODEL == PPC_DEBUG_MODEL_SINGLE_STEP_ONLY)
+#define PPC_MSR_DE       0x000000000 /* bit 22 - debug exception enable */
+#define PPC_MSR_BE       0x000000200 /* bit 22 - branch trace enable */
+#define PPC_MSR_SE       0x000000000 /* bit 21 - single step trace enable */
+#elif (PPC_DEBUG_MODEL == PPC_DEBUG_MODEL_IBM4xx)
+#define PPC_MSR_DE       0x000000200 /* bit 22 - debug exception enable */
+#define PPC_MSR_BE       0x000000000 /* bit 22 - branch trace enable */
+#define PPC_MSR_SE       0x000000000 /* bit 21 - single step trace enable */
+#else
+#error "MSR constants -- unknown PPC_DEBUG_MODEL!!"
+#endif
+
+#define PPC_MSR_ME       0x000001000 /* bit 19 - machine check enable */
+#define PPC_MSR_EE       0x000008000 /* bit 16 - external interrupt enable */
+
+#if (PPC_HAS_RFCI)
+#define PPC_MSR_CE       0x000020000 /* bit 14 - critical interrupt enable */
+#else
+#define PPC_MSR_CE       0x000000000 /* bit 14 - critical interrupt enable */
+#endif
+
+#define PPC_MSR_DISABLE_MASK (PPC_MSR_ME|PPC_MSR_EE|PPC_MSR_CE)
+
+/*
+ *  Initial value for the FPSCR register
+ */
+
+#define PPC_INIT_FPSCR		0x000000f8
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* ! _INCLUDE_PPC_h */
+/* end of include file */
+
+