/**
* @file rtems/score/cpu.h
*
* @brief NO_CPU Department Source
*
* This include file contains information pertaining to the NO_CPU
* processor.
*/
/*
* This include file contains information pertaining to the XXX
* processor.
*
* @note This file is part of a porting template that is intended
* to be used as the starting point when porting RTEMS to a new
* CPU family. The following needs to be done when using this as
* the starting point for a new port:
*
* + Anywhere there is an XXX, it should be replaced
* with information about the CPU family being ported to.
*
* + At the end of each comment section, there is a heading which
* says "Port Specific Information:". When porting to RTEMS,
* add CPU family specific information in this section
*/
/*
* COPYRIGHT (c) 1989-2008.
* On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR).
*
* The license and distribution terms for this file may be
* found in the file LICENSE in this distribution or at
* http://www.rtems.org/license/LICENSE.
*/
#ifndef _RTEMS_SCORE_CPU_H
#define _RTEMS_SCORE_CPU_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#include <rtems/score/types.h>
#include <rtems/score/no_cpu.h>
/* conditional compilation parameters */
/**
* Should the calls to @ref _Thread_Enable_dispatch be inlined?
*
* If TRUE, then they are inlined.
* If FALSE, then a subroutine call is made.
*
* This conditional is an example of the classic trade-off of size
* versus speed. Inlining the call (TRUE) typically increases the
* size of RTEMS while speeding up the enabling of dispatching.
*
* NOTE: In general, the @ref _Thread_Dispatch_disable_level will
* only be 0 or 1 unless you are in an interrupt handler and that
* interrupt handler invokes the executive.] When not inlined
* something calls @ref _Thread_Enable_dispatch which in turns calls
* @ref _Thread_Dispatch. If the enable dispatch is inlined, then
* one subroutine call is avoided entirely.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_INLINE_ENABLE_DISPATCH FALSE
/**
* Does RTEMS manage a dedicated interrupt stack in software?
*
* If TRUE, then a stack is allocated in @ref _ISR_Handler_initialization.
* If FALSE, nothing is done.
*
* If the CPU supports a dedicated interrupt stack in hardware,
* then it is generally the responsibility of the BSP to allocate it
* and set it up.
*
* If the CPU does not support a dedicated interrupt stack, then
* the porter has two options: (1) execute interrupts on the
* stack of the interrupted task, and (2) have RTEMS manage a dedicated
* interrupt stack.
*
* If this is TRUE, @ref CPU_ALLOCATE_INTERRUPT_STACK should also be TRUE.
*
* Only one of @ref CPU_HAS_SOFTWARE_INTERRUPT_STACK and
* @ref CPU_HAS_HARDWARE_INTERRUPT_STACK should be set to TRUE. It is
* possible that both are FALSE for a particular CPU. Although it
* is unclear what that would imply about the interrupt processing
* procedure on that CPU.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_HAS_SOFTWARE_INTERRUPT_STACK FALSE
/**
* Does the CPU follow the simple vectored interrupt model?
*
* If TRUE, then RTEMS allocates the vector table it internally manages.
* If FALSE, then the BSP is assumed to allocate and manage the vector
* table
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_SIMPLE_VECTORED_INTERRUPTS TRUE
/**
* Does this CPU have hardware support for a dedicated interrupt stack?
*
* If TRUE, then it must be installed during initialization.
* If FALSE, then no installation is performed.
*
* If this is TRUE, @ref CPU_ALLOCATE_INTERRUPT_STACK should also be TRUE.
*
* Only one of @ref CPU_HAS_SOFTWARE_INTERRUPT_STACK and
* @ref CPU_HAS_HARDWARE_INTERRUPT_STACK should be set to TRUE. It is
* possible that both are FALSE for a particular CPU. Although it
* is unclear what that would imply about the interrupt processing
* procedure on that CPU.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_HAS_HARDWARE_INTERRUPT_STACK TRUE
/**
* Does RTEMS allocate a dedicated interrupt stack in the Interrupt Manager?
*
* If TRUE, then the memory is allocated during initialization.
* If FALSE, then the memory is allocated during initialization.
*
* This should be TRUE is CPU_HAS_SOFTWARE_INTERRUPT_STACK is TRUE.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_ALLOCATE_INTERRUPT_STACK TRUE
/**
* Does the RTEMS invoke the user's ISR with the vector number and
* a pointer to the saved interrupt frame (1) or just the vector
* number (0)?
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_ISR_PASSES_FRAME_POINTER 0
/**
* @def CPU_HARDWARE_FP
*
* Does the CPU have hardware floating point?
*
* If TRUE, then the RTEMS_FLOATING_POINT task attribute is supported.
* If FALSE, then the RTEMS_FLOATING_POINT task attribute is ignored.
*
* If there is a FP coprocessor such as the i387 or mc68881, then
* the answer is TRUE.
*
* The macro name "NO_CPU_HAS_FPU" should be made CPU specific.
* It indicates whether or not this CPU model has FP support. For
* example, it would be possible to have an i386_nofp CPU model
* which set this to false to indicate that you have an i386 without
* an i387 and wish to leave floating point support out of RTEMS.
*/
/**
* @def CPU_SOFTWARE_FP
*
* Does the CPU have no hardware floating point and GCC provides a
* software floating point implementation which must be context
* switched?
*
* This feature conditional is used to indicate whether or not there
* is software implemented floating point that must be context
* switched. The determination of whether or not this applies
* is very tool specific and the state saved/restored is also
* compiler specific.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#if ( NO_CPU_HAS_FPU == 1 )
#define CPU_HARDWARE_FP TRUE
#else
#define CPU_HARDWARE_FP FALSE
#endif
#define CPU_SOFTWARE_FP FALSE
/**
* Are all tasks RTEMS_FLOATING_POINT tasks implicitly?
*
* If TRUE, then the RTEMS_FLOATING_POINT task attribute is assumed.
* If FALSE, then the RTEMS_FLOATING_POINT task attribute is followed.
*
* So far, the only CPUs in which this option has been used are the
* HP PA-RISC and PowerPC. On the PA-RISC, The HP C compiler and
* gcc both implicitly used the floating point registers to perform
* integer multiplies. Similarly, the PowerPC port of gcc has been
* seen to allocate floating point local variables and touch the FPU
* even when the flow through a subroutine (like vfprintf()) might
* not use floating point formats.
*
* If a function which you would not think utilize the FP unit DOES,
* then one can not easily predict which tasks will use the FP hardware.
* In this case, this option should be TRUE.
*
* If @ref CPU_HARDWARE_FP is FALSE, then this should be FALSE as well.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_ALL_TASKS_ARE_FP TRUE
/**
* Should the IDLE task have a floating point context?
*
* If TRUE, then the IDLE task is created as a RTEMS_FLOATING_POINT task
* and it has a floating point context which is switched in and out.
* If FALSE, then the IDLE task does not have a floating point context.
*
* Setting this to TRUE negatively impacts the time required to preempt
* the IDLE task from an interrupt because the floating point context
* must be saved as part of the preemption.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_IDLE_TASK_IS_FP FALSE
/**
* Should the saving of the floating point registers be deferred
* until a context switch is made to another different floating point
* task?
*
* If TRUE, then the floating point context will not be stored until
* necessary. It will remain in the floating point registers and not
* disturned until another floating point task is switched to.
*
* If FALSE, then the floating point context is saved when a floating
* point task is switched out and restored when the next floating point
* task is restored. The state of the floating point registers between
* those two operations is not specified.
*
* If the floating point context does NOT have to be saved as part of
* interrupt dispatching, then it should be safe to set this to TRUE.
*
* Setting this flag to TRUE results in using a different algorithm
* for deciding when to save and restore the floating point context.
* The deferred FP switch algorithm minimizes the number of times
* the FP context is saved and restored. The FP context is not saved
* until a context switch is made to another, different FP task.
* Thus in a system with only one FP task, the FP context will never
* be saved or restored.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_USE_DEFERRED_FP_SWITCH TRUE
/**
* Does this port provide a CPU dependent IDLE task implementation?
*
* If TRUE, then the routine @ref _CPU_Thread_Idle_body
* must be provided and is the default IDLE thread body instead of
* @ref _CPU_Thread_Idle_body.
*
* If FALSE, then use the generic IDLE thread body if the BSP does
* not provide one.
*
* This is intended to allow for supporting processors which have
* a low power or idle mode. When the IDLE thread is executed, then
* the CPU can be powered down.
*
* The order of precedence for selecting the IDLE thread body is:
*
* -# BSP provided
* -# CPU dependent (if provided)
* -# generic (if no BSP and no CPU dependent)
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_PROVIDES_IDLE_THREAD_BODY TRUE
/**
* Does the stack grow up (toward higher addresses) or down
* (toward lower addresses)?
*
* If TRUE, then the grows upward.
* If FALSE, then the grows toward smaller addresses.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_STACK_GROWS_UP TRUE
/**
* The maximum cache line size in bytes.
*
* The actual processor may use no cache or a smaller cache line size.
*/
#define CPU_CACHE_LINE_BYTES 32
/**
* The following is the variable attribute used to force alignment
* of critical RTEMS structures. On some processors it may make
* sense to have these aligned on tighter boundaries than
* the minimum requirements of the compiler in order to have as
* much of the critical data area as possible in a cache line.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_STRUCTURE_ALIGNMENT RTEMS_ALIGNED( CPU_CACHE_LINE_BYTES )
/**
* @defgroup CPUEndian Processor Dependent Endianness Support
*
* This group assists in issues related to processor endianness.
*
*/
/**@{**/
/**
* Define what is required to specify how the network to host conversion
* routines are handled.
*
* NOTE: @a CPU_BIG_ENDIAN and @a CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN should NOT have the
* same values.
*
* @see CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_BIG_ENDIAN TRUE
/**
* Define what is required to specify how the network to host conversion
* routines are handled.
*
* NOTE: @ref CPU_BIG_ENDIAN and @ref CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN should NOT have the
* same values.
*
* @see CPU_BIG_ENDIAN
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN FALSE
/** @} */
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* The following defines the number of bits actually used in the
* interrupt field of the task mode. How those bits map to the
* CPU interrupt levels is defined by the routine @ref _CPU_ISR_Set_level.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_MODES_INTERRUPT_MASK 0x00000001
/**
* @brief The size of the CPU specific per-CPU control.
*
* This define must be visible to assember files since it is used to derive
* structure offsets.
*/
#define CPU_PER_CPU_CONTROL_SIZE 0
/*
* Processor defined structures required for cpukit/score.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
/* may need to put some structures here. */
/**
* @brief The CPU specific per-CPU control.
*
* The CPU port can place here all state information that must be available and
* maintained for each CPU in the system.
*/
typedef struct {
/* CPU specific per-CPU state */
} CPU_Per_CPU_control;
/**
* @defgroup CPUContext Processor Dependent Context Management
*
* From the highest level viewpoint, there are 2 types of context to save.
*
* -# Interrupt registers to save
* -# Task level registers to save
*
* Since RTEMS handles integer and floating point contexts separately, this
* means we have the following 3 context items:
*
* -# task level context stuff:: Context_Control
* -# floating point task stuff:: Context_Control_fp
* -# special interrupt level context :: CPU_Interrupt_frame
*
* On some processors, it is cost-effective to save only the callee
* preserved registers during a task context switch. This means
* that the ISR code needs to save those registers which do not
* persist across function calls. It is not mandatory to make this
* distinctions between the caller/callee saves registers for the
* purpose of minimizing context saved during task switch and on interrupts.
* If the cost of saving extra registers is minimal, simplicity is the
* choice. Save the same context on interrupt entry as for tasks in
* this case.
*
* Additionally, if gdb is to be made aware of RTEMS tasks for this CPU, then
* care should be used in designing the context area.
*
* On some CPUs with hardware floating point support, the Context_Control_fp
* structure will not be used or it simply consist of an array of a
* fixed number of bytes. This is done when the floating point context
* is dumped by a "FP save context" type instruction and the format
* is not really defined by the CPU. In this case, there is no need
* to figure out the exact format -- only the size. Of course, although
* this is enough information for RTEMS, it is probably not enough for
* a debugger such as gdb. But that is another problem.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*
*/
/**@{**/
/**
* @ingroup Management
* This defines the minimal set of integer and processor state registers
* that must be saved during a voluntary context switch from one thread
* to another.
*/
typedef struct {
/**
* This field is a hint that a port will have a number of integer
* registers that need to be saved at a context switch.
*/
uint32_t some_integer_register;
/**
* This field is a hint that a port will have a number of system
* registers that need to be saved at a context switch.
*/
uint32_t some_system_register;
/**
* This field is a hint that a port will have a register that
* is the stack pointer.
*/
uint32_t stack_pointer;
#ifdef RTEMS_SMP
/**
* @brief On SMP configurations the thread context must contain a boolean
* indicator to signal if this context is executing on a processor.
*
* This field must be updated during a context switch. The context switch
* to the heir must wait until the heir context indicates that it is no
* longer executing on a processor. This indicator must be updated using
* an atomic test and set operation to ensure that at most one processor
* uses the heir context at the same time. The context switch must also
* check for a potential new heir thread for this processor in case the
* heir context is not immediately available. Update the executing thread
* for this processor only if necessary to avoid a cache line
* monopolization.
*
* @code
* void _CPU_Context_switch(
* Context_Control *executing_context,
* Context_Control *heir_context
* )
* {
* save( executing_context );
*
* executing_context->is_executing = false;
* memory_barrier();
*
* if ( test_and_set( &heir_context->is_executing ) ) {
* do {
* Per_CPU_Control *cpu_self = _Per_CPU_Get_snapshot();
* Thread_Control *executing = cpu_self->executing;
* Thread_Control *heir = cpu_self->heir;
*
* if ( heir != executing ) {
* cpu_self->executing = heir;
* heir_context = (Context_Control *)
* ((uintptr_t) heir + (uintptr_t) executing_context
* - (uintptr_t) executing)
* }
* } while ( test_and_set( &heir_context->is_executing ) );
* }
*
* restore( heir_context );
* }
* @endcode
*/
volatile bool is_executing;
#endif
} Context_Control;
/**
* @ingroup Management
*
* This macro returns the stack pointer associated with @a _context.
*
* @param[in] _context is the thread context area to access
*
* @return This method returns the stack pointer.
*/
#define _CPU_Context_Get_SP( _context ) \
(_context)->stack_pointer
/**
* @ingroup Management
*
* This defines the complete set of floating point registers that must
* be saved during any context switch from one thread to another.
*/
typedef struct {
/** FPU registers are listed here */
double some_float_register;
} Context_Control_fp;
/**
* @ingroup Management
*
* This defines the set of integer and processor state registers that must
* be saved during an interrupt. This set does not include any which are
* in @ref Context_Control.
*/
typedef struct {
/**
* This field is a hint that a port will have a number of integer
* registers that need to be saved when an interrupt occurs or
* when a context switch occurs at the end of an ISR.
*/
uint32_t special_interrupt_register;
} CPU_Interrupt_frame;
/**
* This variable is optional. It is used on CPUs on which it is difficult
* to generate an "uninitialized" FP context. It is filled in by
* @ref _CPU_Initialize and copied into the task's FP context area during
* @ref _CPU_Context_Initialize.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
extern Context_Control_fp _CPU_Null_fp_context;
/** @} */
/**
* @defgroup CPUInterrupt Processor Dependent Interrupt Management
*
* On some CPUs, RTEMS supports a software managed interrupt stack.
* This stack is allocated by the Interrupt Manager and the switch
* is performed in @ref _ISR_Handler. These variables contain pointers
* to the lowest and highest addresses in the chunk of memory allocated
* for the interrupt stack. Since it is unknown whether the stack
* grows up or down (in general), this give the CPU dependent
* code the option of picking the version it wants to use.
*
* NOTE: These two variables are required if the macro
* @ref CPU_HAS_SOFTWARE_INTERRUPT_STACK is defined as TRUE.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
/*
* Nothing prevents the porter from declaring more CPU specific variables.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
/* XXX: if needed, put more variables here */
/**
* @ingroup CPUContext
*
* The size of the floating point context area. On some CPUs this
* will not be a "sizeof" because the format of the floating point
* area is not defined -- only the size is. This is usually on
* CPUs with a "floating point save context" instruction.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_CONTEXT_FP_SIZE sizeof( Context_Control_fp )
/**
* Amount of extra stack (above minimum stack size) required by
* MPCI receive server thread. Remember that in a multiprocessor
* system this thread must exist and be able to process all directives.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_MPCI_RECEIVE_SERVER_EXTRA_STACK 0
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* This defines the number of entries in the _ISR_Vector_table managed by RTEMS
* in case CPU_SIMPLE_VECTORED_INTERRUPTS is defined to TRUE. It must be a
* compile-time constant.
*
* It must be undefined in case CPU_SIMPLE_VECTORED_INTERRUPTS is defined to
* FALSE.
*/
#define CPU_INTERRUPT_NUMBER_OF_VECTORS 32
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* This defines the highest interrupt vector number for this port in case
* CPU_SIMPLE_VECTORED_INTERRUPTS is defined to TRUE. It must be less than
* CPU_INTERRUPT_NUMBER_OF_VECTORS. It may be not a compile-time constant.
*
* It must be undefined in case CPU_SIMPLE_VECTORED_INTERRUPTS is defined to
* FALSE.
*/
#define CPU_INTERRUPT_MAXIMUM_VECTOR_NUMBER (CPU_INTERRUPT_NUMBER_OF_VECTORS - 1)
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* This is defined if the port has a special way to report the ISR nesting
* level. Most ports maintain the variable @a _ISR_Nest_level.
*/
#define CPU_PROVIDES_ISR_IS_IN_PROGRESS FALSE
/**
* @ingroup CPUContext
*
* Should be large enough to run all RTEMS tests. This ensures
* that a "reasonable" small application should not have any problems.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_STACK_MINIMUM_SIZE (1024*4)
/**
* Size of a pointer.
*
* This must be an integer literal that can be used by the assembler. This
* value will be used to calculate offsets of structure members. These
* offsets will be used in assembler code.
*/
#define CPU_SIZEOF_POINTER 4
/**
* CPU's worst alignment requirement for data types on a byte boundary. This
* alignment does not take into account the requirements for the stack. It
* must be a power of two greater than or equal to two. The power of two
* requirement makes it possible to align values easily using simple bit
* operations.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_ALIGNMENT 8
/**
* This number corresponds to the byte alignment requirement for the
* heap handler. This alignment requirement may be stricter than that
* for the data types alignment specified by @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT. It is
* common for the heap to follow the same alignment requirement as
* @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT. If the @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT is strict enough for
* the heap, then this should be set to @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT.
*
* NOTE: It must be a power of two greater than or equal to two. The
* requirement to be a multiple of two is because the heap uses the
* least significant field of the front and back flags to indicate that
* a block is in use or free. So you do not want any odd length blocks
* really putting length data in that bit.
*
* On byte oriented architectures, @ref CPU_HEAP_ALIGNMENT normally will
* have to be greater or equal to than @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT to ensure that
* elements allocated from the heap meet all restrictions.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_HEAP_ALIGNMENT CPU_ALIGNMENT
/**
* This number corresponds to the byte alignment requirement for memory
* buffers allocated by the partition manager. This alignment requirement
* may be stricter than that for the data types alignment specified by
* @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT. It is common for the partition to follow the same
* alignment requirement as @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT. If the @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT is
* strict enough for the partition, then this should be set to
* @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT.
*
* NOTE: This does not have to be a power of 2. It does have to
* be greater or equal to than @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_PARTITION_ALIGNMENT CPU_ALIGNMENT
/**
* This number corresponds to the byte alignment requirement for the
* stack. This alignment requirement may be stricter than that for the
* data types alignment specified by @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT. If the
* @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT is strict enough for the stack, then this should be
* set to 0.
*
* NOTE: This must be a power of 2 either 0 or greater than @ref CPU_ALIGNMENT.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define CPU_STACK_ALIGNMENT 0
/*
* ISR handler macros
*/
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* Support routine to initialize the RTEMS vector table after it is allocated.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define _CPU_Initialize_vectors()
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* Disable all interrupts for an RTEMS critical section. The previous
* level is returned in @a _isr_cookie.
*
* @param[out] _isr_cookie will contain the previous level cookie
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define _CPU_ISR_Disable( _isr_cookie ) \
{ \
(_isr_cookie) = 0; /* do something to prevent warnings */ \
}
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* Enable interrupts to the previous level (returned by _CPU_ISR_Disable).
* This indicates the end of an RTEMS critical section. The parameter
* @a _isr_cookie is not modified.
*
* @param[in] _isr_cookie contain the previous level cookie
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define _CPU_ISR_Enable( _isr_cookie ) \
{ \
}
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* This temporarily restores the interrupt to @a _isr_cookie before immediately
* disabling them again. This is used to divide long RTEMS critical
* sections into two or more parts. The parameter @a _isr_cookie is not
* modified.
*
* @param[in] _isr_cookie contain the previous level cookie
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define _CPU_ISR_Flash( _isr_cookie ) \
{ \
}
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* This routine and @ref _CPU_ISR_Get_level
* Map the interrupt level in task mode onto the hardware that the CPU
* actually provides. Currently, interrupt levels which do not
* map onto the CPU in a generic fashion are undefined. Someday,
* it would be nice if these were "mapped" by the application
* via a callout. For example, m68k has 8 levels 0 - 7, levels
* 8 - 255 would be available for bsp/application specific meaning.
* This could be used to manage a programmable interrupt controller
* via the rtems_task_mode directive.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define _CPU_ISR_Set_level( new_level ) \
{ \
}
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* Return the current interrupt disable level for this task in
* the format used by the interrupt level portion of the task mode.
*
* NOTE: This routine usually must be implemented as a subroutine.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
uint32_t _CPU_ISR_Get_level( void );
/* end of ISR handler macros */
/* Context handler macros */
/**
* @ingroup CPUContext
*
* Initialize the context to a state suitable for starting a
* task after a context restore operation. Generally, this
* involves:
*
* - setting a starting address
* - preparing the stack
* - preparing the stack and frame pointers
* - setting the proper interrupt level in the context
* - initializing the floating point context
*
* This routine generally does not set any unnecessary register
* in the context. The state of the "general data" registers is
* undefined at task start time.
*
* @param[in] _the_context is the context structure to be initialized
* @param[in] _stack_base is the lowest physical address of this task's stack
* @param[in] _size is the size of this task's stack
* @param[in] _isr is the interrupt disable level
* @param[in] _entry_point is the thread's entry point. This is
* always @a _Thread_Handler
* @param[in] _is_fp is TRUE if the thread is to be a floating
* point thread. This is typically only used on CPUs where the
* FPU may be easily disabled by software such as on the SPARC
* where the PSR contains an enable FPU bit.
* @param[in] _tls_area The thread-local storage (TLS) area.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define _CPU_Context_Initialize( _the_context, _stack_base, _size, \
_isr, _entry_point, _is_fp, _tls_area ) \
{ \
}
/**
* This routine is responsible for somehow restarting the currently
* executing task. If you are lucky, then all that is necessary
* is restoring the context. Otherwise, there will need to be
* a special assembly routine which does something special in this
* case. For many ports, simply adding a label to the restore path
* of @ref _CPU_Context_switch will work. On other ports, it may be
* possibly to load a few arguments and jump to the restore path. It will
* not work if restarting self conflicts with the stack frame
* assumptions of restoring a context.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define _CPU_Context_Restart_self( _the_context ) \
_CPU_Context_restore( (_the_context) );
/**
* @ingroup CPUContext
*
* The purpose of this macro is to allow the initial pointer into
* a floating point context area (used to save the floating point
* context) to be at an arbitrary place in the floating point
*context area.
*
* This is necessary because some FP units are designed to have
* their context saved as a stack which grows into lower addresses.
* Other FP units can be saved by simply moving registers into offsets
* from the base of the context area. Finally some FP units provide
* a "dump context" instruction which could fill in from high to low
* or low to high based on the whim of the CPU designers.
*
* @param[in] _base is the lowest physical address of the floating point
* context area
* @param[in] _offset is the offset into the floating point area
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define _CPU_Context_Fp_start( _base, _offset ) \
( (void *) _Addresses_Add_offset( (_base), (_offset) ) )
/**
* This routine initializes the FP context area passed to it to.
* There are a few standard ways in which to initialize the
* floating point context. The code included for this macro assumes
* that this is a CPU in which a "initial" FP context was saved into
* @a _CPU_Null_fp_context and it simply copies it to the destination
* context passed to it.
*
* Other floating point context save/restore models include:
* -# not doing anything, and
* -# putting a "null FP status word" in the correct place in the FP context.
*
* @param[in] _destination is the floating point context area
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define _CPU_Context_Initialize_fp( _destination ) \
{ \
*(*(_destination)) = _CPU_Null_fp_context; \
}
/* end of Context handler macros */
/* Fatal Error manager macros */
/**
* This routine copies _error into a known place -- typically a stack
* location or a register, optionally disables interrupts, and
* halts/stops the CPU.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#define _CPU_Fatal_halt( _source, _error ) \
{ \
}
/* end of Fatal Error manager macros */
/* Bitfield handler macros */
/**
* @defgroup CPUBitfield Processor Dependent Bitfield Manipulation
*
* This set of routines are used to implement fast searches for
* the most important ready task.
*
*/
/**@{**/
/**
* This definition is set to TRUE if the port uses the generic bitfield
* manipulation implementation.
*/
#define CPU_USE_GENERIC_BITFIELD_CODE TRUE
/**
* This definition is set to TRUE if the port uses the data tables provided
* by the generic bitfield manipulation implementation.
* This can occur when actually using the generic bitfield manipulation
* implementation or when implementing the same algorithm in assembly
* language for improved performance. It is unlikely that a port will use
* the data if it has a bitfield scan instruction.
*/
#define CPU_USE_GENERIC_BITFIELD_DATA TRUE
/**
* This routine sets @a _output to the bit number of the first bit
* set in @a _value. @a _value is of CPU dependent type
* @a Priority_bit_map_Word. This type may be either 16 or 32 bits
* wide although only the 16 least significant bits will be used.
*
* There are a number of variables in using a "find first bit" type
* instruction.
*
* -# What happens when run on a value of zero?
* -# Bits may be numbered from MSB to LSB or vice-versa.
* -# The numbering may be zero or one based.
* -# The "find first bit" instruction may search from MSB or LSB.
*
* RTEMS guarantees that (1) will never happen so it is not a concern.
* (2),(3), (4) are handled by the macros @ref _CPU_Priority_Mask and
* @ref _CPU_Priority_bits_index. These three form a set of routines
* which must logically operate together. Bits in the _value are
* set and cleared based on masks built by @ref _CPU_Priority_Mask.
* The basic major and minor values calculated by @ref _Priority_Major
* and @ref _Priority_Minor are "massaged" by @ref _CPU_Priority_bits_index
* to properly range between the values returned by the "find first bit"
* instruction. This makes it possible for @ref _Priority_Get_highest to
* calculate the major and directly index into the minor table.
* This mapping is necessary to ensure that 0 (a high priority major/minor)
* is the first bit found.
*
* This entire "find first bit" and mapping process depends heavily
* on the manner in which a priority is broken into a major and minor
* components with the major being the 4 MSB of a priority and minor
* the 4 LSB. Thus (0 << 4) + 0 corresponds to priority 0 -- the highest
* priority. And (15 << 4) + 14 corresponds to priority 254 -- the next
* to the lowest priority.
*
* If your CPU does not have a "find first bit" instruction, then
* there are ways to make do without it. Here are a handful of ways
* to implement this in software:
*
@verbatim
- a series of 16 bit test instructions
- a "binary search using if's"
- _number = 0
if _value > 0x00ff
_value >>=8
_number = 8;
if _value > 0x0000f
_value >=8
_number += 4
_number += bit_set_table[ _value ]
@endverbatim
* where bit_set_table[ 16 ] has values which indicate the first
* bit set
*
* @param[in] _value is the value to be scanned
* @param[in] _output is the first bit set
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#if (CPU_USE_GENERIC_BITFIELD_CODE == FALSE)
#define _CPU_Bitfield_Find_first_bit( _value, _output ) \
{ \
(_output) = 0; /* do something to prevent warnings */ \
}
#endif
/** @} */
/* end of Bitfield handler macros */
/**
* This routine builds the mask which corresponds to the bit fields
* as searched by @ref _CPU_Bitfield_Find_first_bit. See the discussion
* for that routine.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#if (CPU_USE_GENERIC_BITFIELD_CODE == FALSE)
#define _CPU_Priority_Mask( _bit_number ) \
( 1 << (_bit_number) )
#endif
/**
* @ingroup CPUBitfield
*
* This routine translates the bit numbers returned by
* @ref _CPU_Bitfield_Find_first_bit into something suitable for use as
* a major or minor component of a priority. See the discussion
* for that routine.
*
* @param[in] _priority is the major or minor number to translate
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
#if (CPU_USE_GENERIC_BITFIELD_CODE == FALSE)
#define _CPU_Priority_bits_index( _priority ) \
(_priority)
#endif
/* end of Priority handler macros */
/* functions */
/**
* This routine performs CPU dependent initialization.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
void _CPU_Initialize(void);
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* This routine installs a "raw" interrupt handler directly into the
* processor's vector table.
*
* @param[in] vector is the vector number
* @param[in] new_handler is the raw ISR handler to install
* @param[in] old_handler is the previously installed ISR Handler
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
void _CPU_ISR_install_raw_handler(
uint32_t vector,
proc_ptr new_handler,
proc_ptr *old_handler
);
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
*
* This routine installs an interrupt vector.
*
* @param[in] vector is the vector number
* @param[in] new_handler is the RTEMS ISR handler to install
* @param[in] old_handler is the previously installed ISR Handler
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
void _CPU_ISR_install_vector(
uint32_t vector,
proc_ptr new_handler,
proc_ptr *old_handler
);
/**
* @ingroup CPUInterrupt
* This routine installs the hardware interrupt stack pointer.
*
* NOTE: It need only be provided if @ref CPU_HAS_HARDWARE_INTERRUPT_STACK
* is TRUE.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
void _CPU_Install_interrupt_stack( void );
/**
* This routine is the CPU dependent IDLE thread body.
*
* NOTE: It need only be provided if @ref CPU_PROVIDES_IDLE_THREAD_BODY
* is TRUE.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
void *_CPU_Thread_Idle_body( uintptr_t ignored );
/**
* @ingroup CPUContext
*
* This routine switches from the run context to the heir context.
*
* @param[in] run points to the context of the currently executing task
* @param[in] heir points to the context of the heir task
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
void _CPU_Context_switch(
Context_Control *run,
Context_Control *heir
);
/**
* @ingroup CPUContext
*
* This routine is generally used only to restart self in an
* efficient manner. It may simply be a label in @ref _CPU_Context_switch.
*
* @param[in] new_context points to the context to be restored.
*
* NOTE: May be unnecessary to reload some registers.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
void _CPU_Context_restore(
Context_Control *new_context
) RTEMS_NO_RETURN;
/**
* @ingroup CPUContext
*
* This routine saves the floating point context passed to it.
*
* @param[in] fp_context_ptr is a pointer to a pointer to a floating
* point context area
*
* @return on output @a *fp_context_ptr will contain the address that
* should be used with @ref _CPU_Context_restore_fp to restore this context.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
void _CPU_Context_save_fp(
Context_Control_fp **fp_context_ptr
);
/**
* @ingroup CPUContext
*
* This routine restores the floating point context passed to it.
*
* @param[in] fp_context_ptr is a pointer to a pointer to a floating
* point context area to restore
*
* @return on output @a *fp_context_ptr will contain the address that
* should be used with @ref _CPU_Context_save_fp to save this context.
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
void _CPU_Context_restore_fp(
Context_Control_fp **fp_context_ptr
);
/**
* @ingroup CPUContext
*
* @brief Clobbers all volatile registers with values derived from the pattern
* parameter.
*
* This function is used only in test sptests/spcontext01.
*
* @param[in] pattern Pattern used to generate distinct register values.
*
* @see _CPU_Context_validate().
*/
void _CPU_Context_volatile_clobber( uintptr_t pattern );
/**
* @ingroup CPUContext
*
* @brief Initializes and validates the CPU context with values derived from
* the pattern parameter.
*
* This function will not return if the CPU context remains consistent. In
* case this function returns the CPU port is broken.
*
* This function is used only in test sptests/spcontext01.
*
* @param[in] pattern Pattern used to generate distinct register values.
*
* @see _CPU_Context_volatile_clobber().
*/
void _CPU_Context_validate( uintptr_t pattern );
/**
* @brief The set of registers that specifies the complete processor state.
*
* The CPU exception frame may be available in fatal error conditions like for
* example illegal opcodes, instruction fetch errors, or data access errors.
*
* @see rtems_fatal(), RTEMS_FATAL_SOURCE_EXCEPTION, and
* rtems_exception_frame_print().
*/
typedef struct {
uint32_t processor_state_register;
uint32_t integer_registers [1];
double float_registers [1];
} CPU_Exception_frame;
/**
* @brief Prints the exception frame via printk().
*
* @see rtems_fatal() and RTEMS_FATAL_SOURCE_EXCEPTION.
*/
void _CPU_Exception_frame_print( const CPU_Exception_frame *frame );
/**
* @ingroup CPUEndian
*
* The following routine swaps the endian format of an unsigned int.
* It must be static because it is referenced indirectly.
*
* This version will work on any processor, but if there is a better
* way for your CPU PLEASE use it. The most common way to do this is to:
*
* swap least significant two bytes with 16-bit rotate
* swap upper and lower 16-bits
* swap most significant two bytes with 16-bit rotate
*
* Some CPUs have special instructions which swap a 32-bit quantity in
* a single instruction (e.g. i486). It is probably best to avoid
* an "endian swapping control bit" in the CPU. One good reason is
* that interrupts would probably have to be disabled to ensure that
* an interrupt does not try to access the same "chunk" with the wrong
* endian. Another good reason is that on some CPUs, the endian bit
* endianness for ALL fetches -- both code and data -- so the code
* will be fetched incorrectly.
*
* @param[in] value is the value to be swapped
* @return the value after being endian swapped
*
* Port Specific Information:
*
* XXX document implementation including references if appropriate
*/
static inline uint32_t CPU_swap_u32(
uint32_t value
)
{
uint32_t byte1, byte2, byte3, byte4, swapped;
byte4 = (value >> 24) & 0xff;
byte3 = (value >> 16) & 0xff;
byte2 = (value >> 8) & 0xff;
byte1 = value & 0xff;
swapped = (byte1 << 24) | (byte2 << 16) | (byte3 << 8) | byte4;
return swapped;
}
/**
* @ingroup CPUEndian
*
* This routine swaps a 16 bir quantity.
*
* @param[in] value is the value to be swapped
* @return the value after being endian swapped
*/
#define CPU_swap_u16( value ) \
(((value&0xff) << 8) | ((value >> 8)&0xff))
/**
* @brief Unsigned integer type for CPU counter values.
*/
typedef uint32_t CPU_Counter_ticks;
/**
* @brief Returns the current CPU counter value.
*
* A CPU counter is some free-running counter. It ticks usually with a
* frequency close to the CPU or system bus clock. The board support package
* must ensure that this function works before the RTEMS initialization.
* Otherwise invalid profiling statistics will be gathered.
*
* @return The current CPU counter value.
*/
CPU_Counter_ticks _CPU_Counter_read( void );
/**
* @brief Returns the difference between the second and first CPU counter
* value.
*
* This operation may be carried out as a modulo operation depending on the
* range of the CPU counter device.
*
* @param[in] second The second CPU counter value.
* @param[in] first The first CPU counter value.
*
* @return Returns second minus first modulo counter period.
*/
CPU_Counter_ticks _CPU_Counter_difference(
CPU_Counter_ticks second,
CPU_Counter_ticks first
);
/**
* @brief Special register pointing to the per-CPU control of the current
* processor.
*
* This is optional. Not every CPU port needs this. It is only an optional
* optimization variant.
*/
register struct Per_CPU_Control *_CPU_Per_CPU_current asm( "rX" );
/**
* @brief Optional method to obtain the per-CPU control of the current processor.
*
* This is optional. Not every CPU port needs this. It is only an optional
* optimization variant. In case this macro is undefined, the default
* implementation using the current processor index will be used.
*/
#define _CPU_Get_current_per_CPU_control() ( _CPU_Per_CPU_current )
#ifdef RTEMS_SMP
/**
* @brief Performs CPU specific SMP initialization in the context of the boot
* processor.
*
* This function is invoked on the boot processor during system
* initialization. All interrupt stacks are allocated at this point in case
* the CPU port allocates the interrupt stacks. This function is called
* before _CPU_SMP_Start_processor() or _CPU_SMP_Finalize_initialization() is
* used.
*
* @return The count of physically or virtually available processors.
* Depending on the configuration the application may use not all processors.
*/
uint32_t _CPU_SMP_Initialize( void );
/**
* @brief Starts a processor specified by its index.
*
* This function is invoked on the boot processor during system
* initialization.
*
* This function will be called after _CPU_SMP_Initialize().
*
* @param[in] cpu_index The processor index.
*
* @retval true Successful operation.
* @retval false Unable to start this processor.
*/
bool _CPU_SMP_Start_processor( uint32_t cpu_index );
/**
* @brief Performs final steps of CPU specific SMP initialization in the
* context of the boot processor.
*
* This function is invoked on the boot processor during system
* initialization.
*
* This function will be called after all processors requested by the
* application have been started.
*
* @param[in] cpu_count The minimum value of the count of processors
* requested by the application configuration and the count of physically or
* virtually available processors.
*/
void _CPU_SMP_Finalize_initialization( uint32_t cpu_count );
/**
* @brief Prepares a CPU to start multitasking in terms of SMP.
*
* This function is invoked on all processors requested by the application
* during system initialization.
*
* This function will be called after all processors requested by the
* application have been started right before the context switch to the first
* thread takes place.
*/
void _CPU_SMP_Prepare_start_multitasking( void );
/**
* @brief Returns the index of the current processor.
*
* An architecture specific method must be used to obtain the index of the
* current processor in the system. The set of processor indices is the
* range of integers starting with zero up to the processor count minus one.
*/
static inline uint32_t _CPU_SMP_Get_current_processor( void )
{
return 123;
}
/**
* @brief Sends an inter-processor interrupt to the specified target
* processor.
*
* This interrupt send and the corresponding inter-processor interrupt must
* act as an release/acquire barrier so that all values written by the
* sending processor are visible to the target processor.
*
* This operation is undefined for target processor indices out of range.
*
* @param[in] target_processor_index The target processor index.
*/
void _CPU_SMP_Send_interrupt( uint32_t target_processor_index );
/**
* @brief Broadcasts a processor event.
*
* Some architectures provide a low-level synchronization primitive for
* processors in a multi-processor environment. Processors waiting for this
* event may go into a low-power state and stop generating system bus
* transactions. This function must ensure that preceding store operations
* can be observed by other processors.
*
* @see _CPU_SMP_Processor_event_receive().
*/
static inline void _CPU_SMP_Processor_event_broadcast( void )
{
__asm__ volatile ( "" : : : "memory" );
}
/**
* @brief Receives a processor event.
*
* This function will wait for the processor event and may wait forever if no
* such event arrives.
*
* @see _CPU_SMP_Processor_event_broadcast().
*/
static inline void _CPU_SMP_Processor_event_receive( void )
{
__asm__ volatile ( "" : : : "memory" );
}
/**
* @brief Gets the is executing indicator of the thread context.
*
* @param[in] context The context.
*/
static inline bool _CPU_Context_Get_is_executing(
const Context_Control *context
)
{
return context->is_executing;
}
/**
* @brief Sets the is executing indicator of the thread context.
*
* @param[in] context The context.
* @param[in] is_executing The new value for the is executing indicator.
*/
static inline void _CPU_Context_Set_is_executing(
Context_Control *context,
bool is_executing
)
{
context->is_executing = is_executing;
}
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif