diff options
| author | Joel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@OARcorp.com> | 2008-08-21 21:31:02 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Joel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@OARcorp.com> | 2008-08-21 21:31:02 +0000 |
| commit | c7ff10af768978e8c4c97e93bea8ba73469e85b2 (patch) | |
| tree | 640287aa7d99eaef8b1fc828757176f01c52f613 /doc | |
| parent | 2008-08-21 Joel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@oarcorp.com> (diff) | |
| download | rtems-c7ff10af768978e8c4c97e93bea8ba73469e85b2.tar.bz2 | |
2008-08-21 Joel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@oarcorp.com>
* bsp_howto/Makefile.am, bsp_howto/linkcmds.t, bsp_howto/makefiles.t,
bsp_howto/target.t: Update some of this manual.
* bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.eps,
bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.png: New files.
Diffstat (limited to 'doc')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/ChangeLog | 7 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.eps | 181 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.png | bin | 0 -> 50452 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bsp_howto/Makefile.am | 8 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bsp_howto/linkcmds.t | 7 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bsp_howto/makefiles.t | 259 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bsp_howto/target.t | 35 |
7 files changed, 361 insertions, 136 deletions
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog b/doc/ChangeLog index f340ba8418..15475b071c 100644 --- a/doc/ChangeLog +++ b/doc/ChangeLog @@ -1,3 +1,10 @@ +2008-08-21 Joel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@oarcorp.com> + + * bsp_howto/Makefile.am, bsp_howto/linkcmds.t, bsp_howto/makefiles.t, + bsp_howto/target.t: Update some of this manual. + * bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.eps, + bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.png: New files. + 2008-08-21 Joel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@OARcorp.com> * bsp_howto/ata.t, bsp_howto/clock.t, bsp_howto/ide-ctrl.t, diff --git a/doc/bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.eps b/doc/bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.eps new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3de497d297 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.eps @@ -0,0 +1,181 @@ +%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0 +%%Creator: (ImageMagick) +%%Title: (Developer-User-Timeline.eps) +%%CreationDate: (Thu Aug 21 15:18:42 2008) +%%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 468 +%%HiResBoundingBox: 0 0 612 468 +%%LanguageLevel: 2 +%%Pages: 1 +%%EndComments + +%%BeginDefaults +%%EndDefaults + +%%BeginProlog +% +% Display a color image. The image is displayed in color on +% Postscript viewers or printers that support color, otherwise +% it is displayed as grayscale. +% +/DirectClassImage +{ + % + % Display a DirectClass image. + % + colorspace 0 eq + { + /DeviceRGB setcolorspace + << + /ImageType 1 + /Width columns + /Height rows + /BitsPerComponent 8 + /Decode [0 1 0 1 0 1] + /ImageMatrix [columns 0 0 rows neg 0 rows] + compression 0 gt + { /DataSource pixel_stream /RunLengthDecode filter } + { /DataSource pixel_stream /RunLengthDecode filter } ifelse + >> image + } + { + /DeviceCMYK setcolorspace + << + /ImageType 1 + /Width columns + /Height rows + /BitsPerComponent 8 + /Decode [1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0] + /ImageMatrix [columns 0 0 rows neg 0 rows] + compression 0 gt + { /DataSource pixel_stream /RunLengthDecode filter } + { /DataSource pixel_stream /RunLengthDecode filter } ifelse + >> image + } ifelse +} bind def + +/PseudoClassImage +{ + % + % Display a PseudoClass image. + % + % Parameters: + % colors: number of colors in the colormap. + % + currentfile buffer readline pop + token pop /colors exch def pop + colors 0 eq + { + % + % Image is grayscale. + % + currentfile buffer readline pop + token pop /bits exch def pop + /DeviceGray setcolorspace + << + /ImageType 1 + /Width columns + /Height rows + /BitsPerComponent bits + /Decode [0 1] + /ImageMatrix [columns 0 0 rows neg 0 rows] + compression 0 gt + { /DataSource pixel_stream /RunLengthDecode filter } + { + /DataSource pixel_stream /RunLengthDecode filter + << + /K -1 + /Columns columns + /Rows rows + >> /CCITTFaxDecode filter + } ifelse + >> image + } + { + % + % Parameters: + % colormap: red, green, blue color packets. + % + /colormap colors 3 mul string def + currentfile colormap readhexstring pop pop + currentfile buffer readline pop + [ /Indexed /DeviceRGB colors 1 sub colormap ] setcolorspace + << + /ImageType 1 + /Width columns + /Height rows + /BitsPerComponent 8 + /Decode [0 255] + /ImageMatrix [columns 0 0 rows neg 0 rows] + compression 0 gt + { /DataSource pixel_stream /RunLengthDecode filter } + { /DataSource pixel_stream /RunLengthDecode filter } ifelse + >> image + } ifelse +} bind def + +/DisplayImage +{ + % + % Display a DirectClass or PseudoClass image. + % + % Parameters: + % x & y translation. + % x & y scale. + % label pointsize. + % image label. + % image columns & rows. + % class: 0-DirectClass or 1-PseudoClass. + % colorspace: 0-RGB or 1-CMYK. + % compression: 0-RLECompression or 1-NoCompression. + % hex color packets. + % + gsave + /buffer 512 string def + /pixel_stream currentfile def + + currentfile buffer readline pop + token pop /x exch def + token pop /y exch def pop + x y translate + currentfile buffer readline pop + token pop /x exch def + token pop /y exch def pop + currentfile buffer readline pop + token pop /pointsize exch def pop + /Helvetica findfont pointsize scalefont setfont + x y scale + currentfile buffer readline pop + token pop /columns exch def + token pop /rows exch def pop + currentfile buffer readline pop + token pop /class exch def pop + currentfile buffer readline pop + token pop /colorspace exch def pop + currentfile buffer readline pop + token pop /compression exch def pop + class 0 gt { PseudoClassImage } { DirectClassImage } ifelse + grestore +} bind def +%%EndProlog +%%Page: 1 1 +%%PageBoundingBox: 0 0 612 468 +userdict begin +%%BeginData: 439527 Binary Bytes +DisplayImage +0 0 +612.001 468.001 +12.000000 +5100 3900 +1 +0 +1 +0 +8 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˙˙˙ó˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ó˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ó˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ó˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ó˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ó˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ó˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ó˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙˛H˙˙˙˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ö˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙¨H˙˙˙˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ö˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙ŁH˙˙˙˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙˘˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙¤˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙§˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙Š˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙Ş˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙Ź˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙Ž˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙Ż˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙°˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙˛˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙ł˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙´˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙ľ˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙
H˙˙˙ś˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙ˇ˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙¸˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙H˙˙˙š˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHÍ˙ÎH˙˙˙ş˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHĆ˙ÔH˙˙˙ť˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHÁ˙ŘH˙˙˙ź˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHž˙ŰH˙˙˙ź˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHź˙ÜH˙˙˙˝˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHş˙ÝH˙˙˙ž˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čH¸˙ŢH˙˙˙ż˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHś˙ŕH˙˙˙ż˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHľ˙ŕH˙˙˙Ŕ˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čH´˙ŕH˙˙˙Á˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHł˙áH˙˙˙Á˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHą˙âH˙˙˙Â˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čH°˙ăH˙˙˙Â˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHŻ˙ăH˙˙˙Ă˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHŻ˙âH˙˙˙Ä˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHŽ˙ăH˙˙˙Ä˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čH˙ăH˙˙˙Ĺ˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHŹ˙äH˙˙˙Ĺ˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHŤ˙äH˙˙˙Ć˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHŞ˙ĺH˙˙˙Ć˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHŞ˙ĺH˙˙˙Ć˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čHŠ˙ĺH˙˙˙Ç˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čH¨˙ćH˙˙˙Ç˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čH¨˙ĺH˙˙˙Č˙ęH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙ť˙éH¤˙éH˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙˙Ë˙űH˙˙˙˙˙˙Ţ˙čH§˙ćHŹ˙řH˙˙ +%%EndData +end +%%PageTrailer +%%Trailer +%%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 468 +%%HiResBoundingBox: 0 0 612 468 +%%EOF diff --git a/doc/bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.png b/doc/bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3966f5233f --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/bsp_howto/Developer-User-Timeline.png diff --git a/doc/bsp_howto/Makefile.am b/doc/bsp_howto/Makefile.am index 6126214326..d0d0f6784c 100644 --- a/doc/bsp_howto/Makefile.am +++ b/doc/bsp_howto/Makefile.am @@ -19,6 +19,12 @@ GENERATED_FILES = intro.texi target.texi makefiles.texi linkcmds.texi \ COMMON_FILES += $(top_srcdir)/common/cpright.texi +PNG_FILES = Developer-User-Timeline.png + +if USE_HTML +html_project_DATA += $(PNG_FILES) +endif + FILES = info_TEXINFOS = bsp_howto.texi @@ -124,4 +130,4 @@ CLEANFILES += bsp_howto.info bsp_howto.info-? EXTRA_DIST = adaintr.t analog.t ata.t clock.t console.t discrete.t \ ide-ctrl.t init.t intro.t linkcmds.t makefiles.t nvmem.t rtc.t shmsupp.t \ - support.t target.t timer.t + support.t target.t timer.t $(PNG_FILES) $(EPS_IMAGES) diff --git a/doc/bsp_howto/linkcmds.t b/doc/bsp_howto/linkcmds.t index cd4ee631ea..0c36b691da 100644 --- a/doc/bsp_howto/linkcmds.t +++ b/doc/bsp_howto/linkcmds.t @@ -15,6 +15,13 @@ time. This file describes the memory configuration of the board as needed to link the program. Specifically it specifies where the code and data for the application will reside in memory. +The format of the linker script is defined by the GNU Loader @code{ld} +which is included as a component of the GNU Binary Utilities. If you +are using GNU/Linux, then you probably have the documentation installed +already and are using these same tools configured for @b{native} use. +Please visit the Binutils project @uref{http://sourceware.org/binutils/} +if you need more information. + @section Program Sections An embedded systems programmer must be much more aware of the diff --git a/doc/bsp_howto/makefiles.t b/doc/bsp_howto/makefiles.t index f27c77cf32..baeb3bf5b2 100644 --- a/doc/bsp_howto/makefiles.t +++ b/doc/bsp_howto/makefiles.t @@ -12,13 +12,41 @@ This chapter discusses the Makefiles associated with a BSP. It does not describe the process of configuring, building, and installing RTEMS. This chapter will not provide detailed information about this process. Nonetheless, it is important to remember that the general process consists -of three parts: +of four phases as shown here: +@ifset use-ascii +@example +@group @itemize @bullet +@item bootstrap @item configure @item build @item install @end itemize +@end group +@end example +@end ifset + + +@ifset use-tex +@image{Developer-User-Timeline,6in,,Developer User Timeline,.png} +@c @image{FILENAME[, WIDTH[, HEIGHT[, ALTTEXT[, EXTENSION]]]]} + +@end ifset + +@ifset use-html +@html +<center> +<IMG SRC="Developer-User-Timeline.png" WIDTH=800 ALT="Developer User Timeline"> +</center> +@end html +@end ifset + + +During the bootstrap phase, you are using the @code{configure.ac} and +@code{Makefile.am} files as input to GNU autoconf and automake to +generate a variety of files. This is done by running the @code{bootstrap} +script found at the top of the RTEMS source tree. During the configure phase, a number of files are generated. These generated files are tailored for the specific host/target combination @@ -41,13 +69,25 @@ automatically generated files in each directory in the RTEMS source tree. The @code{bootstrap} script found in the top level directory of the RTEMS source tree is executed to produce the automatically generated files. That script must be run from -a directory with a @code{configure.ac} file in it. +a directory with a @code{configure.ac} file in it. The @code{bootstrap} +command is usually invoked in one of the following manners: + +@itemize @bullet +@item @code{bootstrap} to regenerate all files that are generated by +autoconf and automake. +@item @code{bootstrap -c} to remove all files generated by autoconf and +automake. +@item @code{bootstrap -p} to regenerate @code{preinstall.am} files. +@end itemize + +There is a file named @code{Makefile.am} in each directory of +a BSP. This file is used by @b{automake} to produce the file named +@code{Makefile.in} which is also found in each directory of a BSP. +When modifying a @code{Makefile.am}, you can probably find examples of +anything you need to do in one of the BSPs. -There is a file named @code{Makefile.am} in each directory of a BSP. -This file is used by @b{automake} to produce the file -named @code{Makefile.in} which is also found in each directory of a BSP. -The configure process specializes the @code{Makefile.in} files at -the time that RTEMS + +The configure process specializes the @code{Makefile.in} files at the time that RTEMS is configured for a specific development host and target. Makefiles are automatically generated from the @code{Makefile.in} files. It is necessary for the BSP developer to provide the @code{Makefile.am} @@ -60,87 +100,74 @@ and building RTEMS for a given BSP. The BSP developer is responsible for generating @code{Makefile.am} files which properly build all the files associated with their BSP. -There are generally three types of Makefiles in a BSP source tree: - - -@itemize @bullet -@item Directory Makefiles -@item Source Directory Makefiles -@item Wrapup Makefile -@end itemize - -@subsection Directory Makefiles +Most BSPs will only have a single @code{Makefile.am} which details +the set of source files to build to compose the BSP support library +along with the set of include files that are to be installed. -The Directory class of Makefiles directs the build process through -a set of subdirectories in a particular order. This order is usually -chosen to insure that build dependencies are properly processed. -Most BSPs only have one Directory class Makefile. The @code{Makefile.am} -in the BSP root directory (@code{c/src/lib/libbsp/CPU/BSP}) specifies -following Makefile fragment shows how a BSP would specify the -directories to be built and their order: +This single @code{Makefile.am} at the top of the BSP tree specifies +the set of header files to install. This fragment from the SPARC/ERC32 +BSP results in four header files being installed. @example -SUB_DIRS=include start340 startup clock console timer \ - network wrapup +include_HEADERS = include/bsp.h +include_HEADERS += include/tm27.h +include_HEADERS += include/erc32.h +include_HEADERS += include/coverhd.h @end example -@subsection Source Directory Makefiles +When adding new include files, you will be adding to the set of +@code{include_HEADERS}. When you finish editing the @code{Makefile.am} +file, do not forget to run @code{bootstrap -p} to regenerate the +@code{preinstall.am}. -There is a @code{Makefile.am} in most of the directories in a BSP. This -class of Makefile lists the files to be built as part of the driver. -When adding new files to an existing directory, Do not forget to add -the new files to the list of files to be built in the @code{Makefile.am} -and run @code{bootstrap}. +The @code{Makefile.am} also specifies which source files to build. +By convention, logical components within the BSP each assign their +source files to a unique variable. These variables which define +the source files are collected into a single variable which instructs +the GNU autotools that we are building @code{libbsp.a}. This fragment +from the SPARC/ERC32 BSP shows how the startup related, miscellaneous +support code, and the console device driver source is managed +in the @code{Makefile.am}. -@b{NOTE:} The @code{Makefile.am} files are ONLY processed by -@code{bootstrap} and the resulting @code{Makefile.in} files are -only processed during the configure -process of a RTEMS build. Therefore, when developing -a BSP and adding a new file to a @code{Makefile.am}, the -already generated @code{Makefile} will not automatically -include the new references unless you configured RTEMS with the -@code{--enable-maintainer-mode} option. -Otherwise, the new file not being be taken into account! - -If adding a new directory, be sure to add it to the list of -automatically generated files in the BSP's @code{configure.ac} -script. - -@subsection Wrapup Makefile +@example +startup_SOURCES = ../../sparc/shared/bspclean.c ../../shared/bsplibc.c \ + ../../shared/bsppredriverhook.c \ + ../../shared/bsppost.c ../../sparc/shared/bspstart.c \ + ../../shared/bootcard.c ../../shared/sbrk.c startup/setvec.c \ + startup/spurious.c startup/erc32mec.c startup/boardinit.S +clock_SOURCES = clock/ckinit.c +... +noinst_LIBRARIES = libbsp.a +libbsp_a_SOURCES = $(startup_SOURCES) $(console_SOURCES) ... +@end example -This class of Makefiles produces a library. The BSP wrapup Makefile -is responsible for producing the library @code{libbsp.a} which is later -merged into the @code{librtemsall.a} library. This Makefile specifies -which BSP components are to be placed into the library as well as which -components from the CPU dependent support code library. For example, -this component may choose to use a default exception handler from the -CPU dependent support code or provide its own. +When adding new files to an existing directory, do not forget to add +the new files to the list of files to be built in the corresponding +@code{XXX_SOURCES} variable in the @code{Makefile.am} and run +@code{bootstrap}. -This Makefile makes use of the @code{foreach} construct in @b{GNU make} -to pick up the required components: +Some BSPs use code that is built in @code{libcpu}. If you BSP does +this, then you will need to make sure the objects are pulled into your +BSP library. The following from the SPARC/ERC32 BSP pulls in the cache, +register window management and system call support code from the directory +corresponding to its @code{RTEMS_CPU} model. @example -BSP_PIECES=startup clock console timer -CPU_PIECES= -GENERIC_PIECES= - -# bummer; have to use $foreach since % pattern subst -# rules only replace 1x -OBJS=$(foreach piece, $(BSP_PIECES), ../$(piece)/$(ARCH)/$(piece).o) \ - $(foreach piece, $(CPU_PIECES), \ - ../../../../libcpu/$(RTEMS_CPU)/$(piece)/$(ARCH)/$(piece).o) \ - $(wildcard \ - ../../../../libcpu/$(RTEMS_CPU)/$(RTEMS_CPU_MODEL)/fpsp/$(ARCH)/fpsp.rel) \ - $(foreach piece, \ - $(GENERIC_PIECES), ../../../$(piece)/$(ARCH)/$(piece).o) +libbsp_a_LIBADD = ../../../libcpu/@@RTEMS_CPU@@/cache.rel \ + ../../../libcpu/@@RTEMS_CPU@@/reg_win.rel \ + ../../../libcpu/@@RTEMS_CPU@@/syscall.rel @end example -The variable @code{OBJS} is the list of "pieces" expanded to include -path information to the appropriate object files. The @code{wildcard} -function is used on pieces of @code{libbsp.a} which are optional and -may not be present based upon the configuration options. +@b{NOTE:} The @code{Makefile.am} files are ONLY processed by +@code{bootstrap} and the resulting @code{Makefile.in} files are only +processed during the configure process of a RTEMS build. Therefore, +when developing a BSP and adding a new file to a @code{Makefile.am}, +the already generated @code{Makefile} will not automatically +include the new references unless you configured RTEMS with the +@code{--enable-maintainer-mode} option. Otherwise, the new file not +being be taken into account! -@section Makefiles Used Both During The BSP Design and its Use +@section Creating a New BSP Make Customization File When building a BSP or an application using that BSP, it is necessary to tailor the compilation arguments to account for compiler flags, use @@ -151,76 +178,46 @@ application. So a BSP must include a build configuration file. The configuration file is @code{make/custom/BSP.cfg}. The configuration file is taken into account when building one's -application using the RTEMS template Makefiles (@code{make/templates}). -It is strongly advised to use these template Makefiles since they -encapsulate a number of build rules along with the compile and link -time options necessary to execute on the target board. - -There is a template Makefile provided for each of class of RTEMS -Makefiles. The purpose of each class of RTEMS Makefile is to: - -@itemize @bullet -@item call recursively the makefiles in the directories beneath -the current one, - -@item build a library, or - -@item build an executable. - -@end itemize - -The following is a shortened and heavily commented version of the -make customization file for the gen68340 BSP. The original source -for this file can be found in the @code{make/custom} directory. +application using the RTEMS template Makefiles (@code{make/templates}). +These application template Makefiles have been included with the +RTEMS source distribution since the early 1990's. However there is +a desire in the RTEMS user community to move all provided examples to +GNU autoconf. They are included in the 4.9 release series and used for +all examples provided with RTEMS. There is no definite time table for +obsoleting them. You are free to use these but be warned they have +fallen out of favor with many in the RTEMS community and may disappear +in the future. + +The following is a slightly shortened version of the make customization +file for the gen68340 BSP. The original source for this file can be +found in the @code{make/custom} directory. @example - # The RTEMS CPU Family and Model RTEMS_CPU=m68k -RTEMS_CPU_MODEL=mcpu32 +RTEMS_CPU_MODEL=m68340 include $(RTEMS_ROOT)/make/custom/default.cfg -# The name of the BSP directory used for the actual source code. -# This allows for build variants of the same BSP source. +# This is the actual bsp directory used during the build process. RTEMS_BSP_FAMILY=gen68340 -# CPU flag to pass to GCC -CPU_CFLAGS = -mcpu32 +# This contains the compiler options necessary to select the CPU model +# and (hopefully) optimize for it. +CPU_CFLAGS = -mcpu=cpu32 -# optimization flag to pass to GCC -CFLAGS_OPTIMIZE_V=-O4 -fomit-frame-pointer - -# The name of the start file to be linked with. This file is the first -# part of the BSP which executes. -START_BASE=start340 - -# This make-exe macro is used in template makefiles to build the -# final executable. Any other commands to follow, just as using -# objcopy to build a PROM image or converting the executable to binary. - -define make-exe - $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_LD) -o $(basename $@@).exe $(LINK_OBJS) - $(NM) -g -n $(basename $@@).exe > $(basename $@@).num - $(SIZE) $(basename $@@).exe -endif +# optimize flag: typically -O2 +CFLAGS_OPTIMIZE_V = -O2 -g -fomit-frame-pointer @end example -@subsection Creating a New BSP Make Customization File - -The basic steps for creating a @code{make/custom} file for a new BSP -are as follows: - -@itemize @bullet - -@item copy any @code{.cfg} file to @code{BSP.cfg} - -@item modify RTEMS_CPU, RTEMS_CPU_MODEL, RTEMS_BSP_FAMILY, -RTEMS_BSP, CPU_CFLAGS, START_BASE, and make-exe rules. - -@end itemize +The make customization files have generally grown simpler and simpler +with each RTEMS release. Beginning in the 4.9 release series, the rules +for linking an RTEMS application are shared by all BSPs. Only BSPs which +need to perform a transformation from linked ELF file to a downloadable +format have any additional actions for program link time. In 4.8 and +older, every BSP specified the "make executable" or @code{make-exe} +rule and duplicated the same actions. It is generally easier to copy a @code{make/custom} file from a BSP similar to the one being developed. - diff --git a/doc/bsp_howto/target.t b/doc/bsp_howto/target.t index 29bd69ff26..d8f48295cb 100644 --- a/doc/bsp_howto/target.t +++ b/doc/bsp_howto/target.t @@ -36,6 +36,22 @@ dependent on a particular CPU model. For example, the MC68000 and MC68020 processors are both members of the m68k CPU family but there are significant differences between these CPU models which RTEMS must take into account. +The source code found in the @code{cpukit/score/cpu} is required to +only depend upon the CPU model variations that GCC distinguishes +for the purposes of multilib'ing. Multilib is the term the GNU +community uses to refer to building a single library source multiple +times with different compiler options so the binary code generated +is compatible. As an example, from GCC's perspective, many PowerPC +CPU models are just a PPC603e. Remember that GCC only cares about +the CPU code itself and need not be aware of any peripherals. In +the embedded community, we are exposed to thousands of CPU models +which are all based upon only a relative small number of CPU cores. + +Similarly for the SPARC/ERC32 BSP, the @code{RTEMS_CPU} is specified as +@code{erc32} which is the name of the CPU model and BSP for this SPARC V7 +system on chip. But the multilib variant used is actually @code{v7} +which indicates the ERC32 CPU core is a SPARC V7. + @section Board Dependent This class of code provides the most specific glue between RTEMS and @@ -140,9 +156,14 @@ CPU model dependent support code is found in the following directory: c/src/lib/libcpu/@i{CPU}/@i{CPU_MODEL} @end example +@i{CPU_MODEL} may be a specific CPU model name or a name indicating a CPU +core or a set of related CPU models. The file @code{configure.ac} in each +@code{c/src/lib/libcpu/@i{CPU}} directory contains the logic which enables +the appropriate subdirectories for the specific CPU model your BSP has. + @section Board Support Package Structure -The BSPs are all under the c/src/lib/libbsp directory. Below this +The BSPs are all under the @code{c/src/lib/libbsp} directory. Below this directory, there is a subdirectory for each CPU family. Each BSP is found under the subdirectory for the appropriate processor family (m68k, powerpc, etc.). In addition, there is source code @@ -174,7 +195,7 @@ support for the clock tick -- a regular time basis to the kernel. @item @b{timer}: support of timer devices. -@item @b{rtc}: +@item @b{rtc} or @code{tod}: support for the hardware real-time clock. @item @b{nvmem}: @@ -189,11 +210,17 @@ support of shared memory driver MPCI layer in a multiprocessor system, @item @b{include}: include files for this BSP. -@item @b{wrapup}: -bundles all the components necessary to construct the BSP library. +@item @b{gnatsupp}: +BSP specific support for the GNU Ada run-time. Each BSP that wishes +to have the possibility to map faults or exceptions into Ada language +exceptions or hardware interrupts into Ada interrupt tasks must provide +this support. @end itemize +There may be other directories in the BSP tree and the name should +be indicative of the functionality of the code within that directory. + The build order of the BSP is determined by the Makefile structure. This structure is discussed in more detail in the @ref{Makefiles} chapter. |
