/*
* unhex
* convert a hex file to binary equivalent. If more than one file name
* is given, then the output will be logically concatenated together.
* stdin and stdout are defaults. Verbose will enable checksum output.
*
* Supported input formats are Intel hex, Motorola S records, and TI 'B'
* records.
*
* Intel hex input format is
* Byte
* 1 Colon :
* 2..3 Record length, eg: "20"
* 4..7 load address nibbles
* 8..9 record type: "00" (data) or "02" base addr
* 10..x data bytes in ascii-hex
* x+1..x+2 cksum (2's compl of (len+addr+data))
* x+3 \n -- newline
*/
char *USAGE = "\
usage: unhex [-va] [ -o file ] [ file [file ... ] ]\n\
-v -- verbose\n\
-a base -- 1st byte of output corresponds to this address\n\
-l -- linear, just writes data out\n\
-o file -- output file; must not be input file\n\
-F k_bits -- \"holes\" in input will be filled with 0xFF's\n\
up to \"k_bits\" * 1024 bits\n\
";
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "config.h"
#ifndef VMS
#ifndef HAVE_STRERROR
extern int sys_nerr;
extern char *sys_errlist[];
#define strerror( _err ) \
((_err) < sys_nerr) ? sys_errlist [(_err)] : "unknown error"
#else /* HAVE_STRERROR */
char *strerror ();
#endif
#else /* VMS */
char *strerror (int,...);
#endif
#define OK 0
#define FAILURE (-1)
#define Failed(x) ((x) == FAILURE)
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
typedef char bool;
#define STREQ(a,b) (strcmp(a,b) == 0)
typedef unsigned char u8;
typedef unsigned short u16;
typedef unsigned long u32;
/*
* Pick out designated bytes
*/
#define B0(x) ((x) & 0xff)
#define B1(x) B0((x) >> 8)
#define B2(x) B0((x) >> 16)
#define B3(x) B0((x) >> 24)
typedef struct buffer_rec {
u32 dl_destaddr;
u32 dl_jumpaddr;
int dl_count;
u8 dl_buf[512];
} buffer_rec;
/*
* vars controlled by command line options
*/
bool verbose = FALSE; /* be verbose */
bool linear = FALSE; /* just write out linear data */
char *outfilename = "-"; /* default output is stdout */
u32 base = 0L; /* base address */
u32 FFfill = 0L; /* how far to fill w 0xFF's */
extern char *optarg; /* getopt(3) control vars */
extern int optind;
char *progname; /* for error() */
void error(int errn, ...);
#define ERR_ERRNO (1<<((sizeof(int) * 8) - 2)) /* hi bit; use 'errno' */
#define ERR_FATAL (ERR_ERRNO / 2) /* error is fatal; no return */
#define ERR_ABORT (ERR_ERRNO / 4) /* error is fatal; abort */
#define ERR_MASK (ERR_ERRNO | ERR_FATAL | ERR_ABORT) /* all */
#ifdef HAVE_STRTOUL
#define stol(p) strtoul(p, (char **) NULL, 0)
#else
#define stol(p) strtol(p, (char **) NULL, 0)
#endif
int unhex(FILE *ifp, char *inm, FILE *ofp, char *onm);
int convert_Intel_records(FILE *ifp, char *inm, FILE *ofp, char *onm);
int convert_S_records(FILE *ifp, char *inm, FILE *ofp, char *onm);
int convert_TI_records(FILE *ifp, char *inm, FILE *ofp, char *onm);
void write_record(buffer_rec *tb, FILE *fp);
int getnibble(char **p);
int getbyte(char **p);
long getNbytes(char **p, int n);
void badformat(char *s, char *fname, char *msg);
#define get1bytes(p) ((int) getbyte(p))
#define get2bytes(p) ((int) getNbytes(p, 2))
#define get3bytes(p) getNbytes(p, 3)
#define get4bytes(p) getNbytes(p, 4)
char *BADADDR = "Invalid record address";
char *BADLEN = "Invalid record length";
char *BADBASE = "Bad base or starting address";
char *BADFMT = "Unrecognized record type";
char *BADDATA = "Invalid data byte";
char *BADCSUM = "Invalid checksum";
char *MISCSUM = "Checksum mismatch";
char *BADTYPE = "Unrecognized record type";
char *MISTYPE = "Incompatible record types";
int main(
int argc,
char **argv
)
{
register int c;
bool showusage = FALSE; /* usage error? */
int rc = 0;
FILE *outfp, *infp;
/*
* figure out invocation leaf-name
*/
if ((progname = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) == (char *) NULL)
progname = argv[0];
else
progname++;
argv[0] = progname; /* for getopt err reporting */
/*
* Check options and arguments.
*/
progname = argv[0];
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "F:a:o:vl")) != EOF)
switch (c)
{
case 'a': /* base address */
base = stol(optarg);
break;
case 'l': /* linear output */
linear = TRUE;
break;
case 'v': /* toggle verbose */
verbose = ! verbose;
break;
case 'o': /* output file */
outfilename = optarg;
break;
case 'F': /* 0xFF fill amount (bytes) */
FFfill = stol(optarg) * 1024L / 8L;
break;
case '?':
showusage = TRUE;
}
if (showusage)
{
(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s", USAGE);
exit(1);
}
if (linear && (base != 0))
{
error(0, "-l and -a may not be specified in combination");
exit(1);
}
if (STREQ(outfilename, "-"))
{
outfp = stdout;
outfilename = "stdout";
}
else
if ((outfp = fopen(outfilename, "w")) == (FILE *) NULL)
{
error(-1, "couldn't open '%s' for output", outfilename);
exit(1);
}
/*
* Now process the input files (or stdin, if none specified)
*/
if (argv[optind] == (char *) NULL) /* just stdin */
exit(unhex(stdin, "stdin", outfp, outfilename));
else
for (; (optarg = argv[optind]); optind++)
{
if (STREQ(optarg, "-"))
rc += unhex(stdin, "stdin", outfp, outfilename);
else
{
if ((infp = fopen(optarg, "r")) == (FILE *) NULL)
{
error(-1, "couldn't open '%s' for input", optarg);
exit(1);
}
rc += unhex(infp, optarg, outfp, outfilename);
}
}
return(rc);
}
u16 filesum;
int
unhex(FILE *ifp,
char *inm,
FILE *ofp,
char *onm)
{
int c;
filesum = 0;
/*
* Make sure holes will be filled with 0xFF's if requested. We
* do this the easy way by just filling the file with FF's before
* getting started. To do it more optimally would be quite a bit
* more difficult since the user can skip around as much as he/she
* likes in the input hex file addressing.
*
* We'll clean this up later (after this program has run) with
* 'stripffs'
*/
if (FFfill)
{
(void) fseek(ofp, 0, 0);
for (c = FFfill; c > 0; c--)
(void) fputc(0xFF, ofp);
}
/*
* Read the first char from file and determine record types
*/
if ((c = getc(ifp)) != EOF)
{
ungetc(c, ifp);
switch(c)
{
case 'S':
convert_S_records(ifp, inm, ofp, onm);
break;
case ':':
convert_Intel_records(ifp, inm, ofp, onm);
break;
case '9':
case 'B':
convert_TI_records(ifp, inm, ofp, onm);
break;
default:
{
char tmp[2];
tmp[0] = c; tmp[1] = 0;
badformat(tmp, inm, BADFMT);
}
}
}
if (verbose)
fprintf(stderr, "'%s' checksum is 0x%04x\n", inm, filesum);
return 0;
}
int
convert_Intel_records(
FILE *ifp,
char *inm,
FILE *ofp,
char *onm)
{
char buff[512];
char *p;
u8 cksum;
int incksum;
int c;
int rectype; /* record type */
int len; /* data length of current line */
u32 addr;
u32 base_address = 0;
bool endrecord = FALSE;
buffer_rec tb;
while ( ! endrecord && (fgets(buff, sizeof(buff), ifp)))
{
p = &buff[0];
if (p[strlen(p)-1] == '\n') /* get rid of newline */
p[strlen(p)-1] = '\0';
if (p[strlen(p)-1] == '\r') /* get rid of any CR */
p[strlen(p)-1] = '\0';
tb.dl_count = 0;
if (*p != ':')
badformat(p, inm, BADFMT);
p++;
if ((len = getbyte(&p)) == -1) /* record len */
badformat(buff, inm, BADLEN);
if ((addr = get2bytes(&p)) == -1L) /* record addr */
badformat(buff, inm, BADADDR);
rectype = getbyte(&p);
cksum = len + B0(addr) + B1(addr) + rectype;
switch (rectype)
{
case 0x00: /* normal data record */
tb.dl_destaddr = base_address + addr;
while (len--)
{
if ((c = getbyte(&p)) == -1)
badformat(buff, inm, BADDATA);
cksum += c;
filesum += c;
tb.dl_buf[tb.dl_count++] = c;
}
break;
case 0x01: /* execution start address */
base_address = addr;
endrecord = TRUE;
break;
case 0x02: /* new base */
if ((base_address = get2bytes(&p)) == -1L)
badformat(buff, inm, BADBASE);
cksum += B0(base_address) + B1(base_address);
base_address <<= 4;
break;
case 0x03: /* seg/off execution start address */
{
u32 seg, off;
seg = get2bytes(&p);
off = get2bytes(&p);
if ((seg == -1L) || (off == -1L))
badformat(buff, inm, BADADDR);
cksum += B0(seg) + B1(seg) + B0(off) + B1(off);
tb.dl_jumpaddr = (seg << 4) + off;
break;
}
default:
error(0, "unknown Intel-hex record type: 0x%02x", rectype);
badformat(buff, inm, BADTYPE);
}
/*
* Verify checksums are correct in file.
*/
cksum = (-cksum) & 0xff;
if ((incksum = getbyte(&p)) == -1)
badformat(buff, inm, BADCSUM);
if (((u8) incksum) != cksum)
badformat(buff, inm, MISCSUM);
if (tb.dl_count)
write_record(&tb, ofp);
}
return 0;
}
int
convert_S_records(
FILE *ifp,
char *inm,
FILE *ofp,
char *onm)
{
char buff[512];
char *p;
u8 cksum;
int incksum;
int c;
int len; /* data length of current line */
int rectype; /* record type */
u32 addr;
bool endrecord = FALSE;
buffer_rec tb;
while ( ! endrecord && (fgets(buff, sizeof(buff), ifp)))
{
p = &buff[0];
if (p[strlen(p)-1] == '\n') /* get rid of newline */
p[strlen(p)-1] = '\0';
if (p[strlen(p)-1] == '\r') /* get rid of any CR */
p[strlen(p)-1] = '\0';
tb.dl_count = 0;
if (*p != 'S')
badformat(p, inm, BADFMT);
p++;
if ((rectype = getnibble(&p)) == -1) /* record type */
badformat(buff, inm, BADTYPE);
if ((len = getbyte(&p)) == -1) /* record len */
badformat(buff, inm, BADLEN);
cksum = len;
switch (rectype)
{
case 0x00: /* comment field, ignored */
goto write_it;
case 0x01: /* data record, 16 bit addr */
if ((addr = get2bytes(&p)) == -1L)
badformat(buff, inm, BADADDR);
len -= 3;
goto doit;
case 0x02: /* ... 24 bit addr */
if ((addr = get3bytes(&p)) == -1L)
badformat(buff, inm, BADADDR);
len -= 4;
goto doit;
case 0x03: /* ... 32 bit addr */
if ((addr = get4bytes(&p)) == -1L)
badformat(buff, inm, BADADDR);
len -= 5;
doit:
cksum += B0(addr) + B1(addr) + B2(addr) + B3(addr);
tb.dl_destaddr = addr;
while (len--)
{
if ((c = getbyte(&p)) == -1)
badformat(buff, inm, BADDATA);
cksum += c;
filesum += c;
tb.dl_buf[tb.dl_count++] = c;
}
break;
case 0x07: /* 32 bit end record */
if ((addr = get4bytes(&p)) == -1L)
badformat(buff, inm, BADADDR);
goto end_rec;
case 0x08: /* 24 bit end record */
if ((addr = get3bytes(&p)) == -1L)
badformat(buff, inm, BADADDR);
goto end_rec;
case 0x09: /* 16 bit end record */
if ((addr = get2bytes(&p)) == -1L)
badformat(buff, inm, BADADDR);
end_rec:
cksum += B0(addr) + B1(addr) + B2(addr) + B3(addr);
tb.dl_jumpaddr = addr;
break;
default:
error(0, "unknown Motorola-S record type: 0x%02x", rectype);
badformat(buff, inm, BADTYPE);
break;
}
/*
* Verify checksums are correct in file.
*/
cksum = (~cksum) & 0xff;
if ((incksum = getbyte(&p)) == -1)
badformat(buff, inm, BADCSUM);
if (((u8) incksum) != cksum)
badformat(buff, inm, MISCSUM);
write_it:
if (tb.dl_count)
write_record(&tb, ofp);
}
return 0;
}
int
convert_TI_records(
FILE *ifp,
char *inm,
FILE *ofp,
char *onm)
{
char buff[512];
char *p;
int c;
bool endrecord = FALSE;
bool eol;
buffer_rec tb;
while ( ! endrecord && (fgets(buff, sizeof(buff), ifp)))
{
p = &buff[0];
if (p[strlen(p)-1] == '\n') /* get rid of newline */
p[strlen(p)-1] = '\0';
if (p[strlen(p)-1] == '\r') /* get rid of any CR */
p[strlen(p)-1] = '\0';
tb.dl_count = 0;
eol = FALSE;
while ( ! eol && ! endrecord)
{
switch (*p++)
{
case '9':
if (tb.dl_count)
write_record(&tb, ofp);
tb.dl_destaddr = get2bytes(&p);
break;
case 'B':
c = getbyte(&p);
filesum += c;
tb.dl_buf[tb.dl_count++] = c;
c = getbyte(&p);
filesum += c;
tb.dl_buf[tb.dl_count++] = c;
break;
case 'F':
eol = TRUE;
break;
case ':':
endrecord = TRUE;
break;
default:
badformat(p, inm, BADFMT);
}
}
if (tb.dl_count)
write_record(&tb, ofp);
}
return 0;
}
void
write_record(buffer_rec *tb,
FILE *fp)
{
if ( ! linear)
{
if (tb->dl_destaddr < base)
error(ERR_FATAL, "record at address 0x%x precedes base of 0x%x",
tb->dl_destaddr, base);
(void) fseek(fp, tb->dl_destaddr - base, 0);
}
(void) fwrite(tb->dl_buf, tb->dl_count, 1, fp);
tb->dl_destaddr += tb->dl_count;
tb->dl_count = 0;
}
int
getnibble(char **p)
{
register int val;
**p = toupper(**p);
switch (**p)
{
case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
val = **p - '0';
break;
case 'A': case 'B': case 'C': case 'D': case 'E': case 'F':
val = 10 + (**p - 'A');
break;
default:
return(-1);
}
*p += 1;
return(val & 0x0f);
}
int
getbyte(char **p)
{
int n0, n1;
if ((n0 = getnibble(p)) == -1)
return(-1);
if ((n1 = getnibble(p)) == -1)
return(-1);
return(((n0 << 4) + n1) & 0xff);
}
long
getNbytes(char **p,
int n)
{
int t;
u32 val = 0;
while (n--)
{
if ((t = getbyte(p)) == -1)
return(-1L);
val <<= 8;
val += t;
}
return(val);
}
void
badformat(char *s,
char *fname,
char *msg)
{
if (s[strlen(s)-1] == '\n') /* get rid of newline */
s[strlen(s)-1] = '\0';
error(0, "line '%s'::\n\tfrom file '%s'; %s", s, fname, msg);
exit(1);
}
/*
* error(errn, arglist)
* report an error to stderr using printf(3) conventions.
* Any output is preceded by '<progname>: '
*
* Uses ERR_EXIT bit to request exit(errn)
* ERR_ABORT to request abort()
* ERR_ERRNO to indicate use of errno instead of argument.
*
* If resulting 'errn' is non-zero, it is assumed to be an 'errno' and its
* associated error message is appended to the output.
*/
/*VARARGS*/
void
error(int error_flag, ...)
{
va_list arglist;
register char *format;
int local_errno;
extern int errno;
(void) fflush(stdout); /* in case stdout/stderr same */
local_errno = error_flag & ~ERR_MASK;
if (error_flag & ERR_ERRNO) /* use errno? */
local_errno = errno;
va_start(arglist, error_flag);
format = va_arg(arglist, char *);
(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", progname);
(void) vfprintf(stderr, format, arglist);
va_end(arglist);
if (local_errno)
(void) fprintf(stderr, " (%s)\n", strerror(local_errno));
else
(void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
(void) fflush(stderr);
if (error_flag & (ERR_FATAL | ERR_ABORT))
{
if (error_flag & ERR_FATAL)
{
error(0, "fatal error, exiting");
exit(local_errno ? local_errno : 1);
}
else
{
error(0, "fatal error, aborting");
abort();
}
}
}