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authorSebastian Huber <sebastian.huber@embedded-brains.de>2020-08-20 10:11:15 +0200
committerSebastian Huber <sebastian.huber@embedded-brains.de>2020-09-02 17:57:38 +0200
commite3523ed062f50def78cc159f9ac7a24946116943 (patch)
tree3352030bd5b5ab3592f038ca7beab8d852299f7c /c-user/signal_manager.rst
parentc-user: Split up region manager (diff)
downloadrtems-docs-e3523ed062f50def78cc159f9ac7a24946116943.tar.bz2
c-user: Split up signal manager
This makes it easier to automatically generate parts of the manager documentation in the future. Update #3993.
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-.. SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-SA-4.0
-
-.. Copyright (C) 1988, 2008 On-Line Applications Research Corporation (OAR)
-
-.. index:: signals
-
-Signal Manager
-**************
-
-Introduction
-============
-
-The signal manager provides the capabilities required for asynchronous
-communication. The directives provided by the signal manager are:
-
-- rtems_signal_catch_ - Establish an ASR
-
-- rtems_signal_send_ - Send signal set to a task
-
-Background
-==========
-
-.. index:: asynchronous signal routine
-.. index:: ASR
-
-Signal Manager Definitions
---------------------------
-
-The signal manager allows a task to optionally define an asynchronous signal
-routine (ASR). An ASR is to a task what an ISR is to an application's set of
-tasks. When the processor is interrupted, the execution of an application is
-also interrupted and an ISR is given control. Similarly, when a signal is sent
-to a task, that task's execution path will be "interrupted" by the ASR.
-Sending a signal to a task has no effect on the receiving task's current
-execution state.
-
-.. index:: rtems_signal_set
-
-A signal flag is used by a task (or ISR) to inform another task of the
-occurrence of a significant situation. Thirty-two signal flags are associated
-with each task. A collection of one or more signals is referred to as a signal
-set. The data type ``rtems_signal_set`` is used to manipulate signal sets.
-
-A signal set is posted when it is directed (or sent) to a task. A pending
-signal is a signal that has been sent to a task with a valid ASR, but has not
-been processed by that task's ASR.
-
-.. index:: ASR vs. ISR
-.. index:: ISR vs. ASR
-
-A Comparison of ASRs and ISRs
------------------------------
-
-The format of an ASR is similar to that of an ISR with the following
-exceptions:
-
-- ISRs are scheduled by the processor hardware. ASRs are scheduled by RTEMS.
-
-- ISRs do not execute in the context of a task and may invoke only a subset of
- directives. ASRs execute in the context of a task and may execute any
- directive.
-
-- When an ISR is invoked, it is passed the vector number as its argument. When
- an ASR is invoked, it is passed the signal set as its argument.
-
-- An ASR has a task mode which can be different from that of the task. An ISR
- does not execute as a task and, as a result, does not have a task mode.
-
-.. index:: signal set, building
-
-Building a Signal Set
----------------------
-
-A signal set is built by a bitwise OR of the desired signals. The set of valid
-signals is ``RTEMS_SIGNAL_0`` through ``RTEMS_SIGNAL_31``. If a signal is not
-explicitly specified in the signal set, then it is not present. Signal values
-are specifically designed to be mutually exclusive, therefore bitwise OR and
-addition operations are equivalent as long as each signal appears exactly once
-in the component list.
-
-This example demonstrates the signal parameter used when sending the signal set
-consisting of ``RTEMS_SIGNAL_6``, ``RTEMS_SIGNAL_15``, and ``RTEMS_SIGNAL_31``.
-The signal parameter provided to the ``rtems_signal_send`` directive should be
-``RTEMS_SIGNAL_6 | RTEMS_SIGNAL_15 | RTEMS_SIGNAL_31``.
-
-.. index:: ASR mode, building
-
-Building an ASR Mode
---------------------
-
-In general, an ASR's mode is built by a bitwise OR of the desired mode
-components. The set of valid mode components is the same as those allowed with
-the task_create and task_mode directives. A complete list of mode options is
-provided in the following table:
-
-.. list-table::
- :class: rtems-table
-
- * - ``RTEMS_PREEMPT``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_PREEMPT_MASK`` and enables preemption
- * - ``RTEMS_NO_PREEMPT``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_PREEMPT_MASK`` and disables preemption
- * - ``RTEMS_NO_TIMESLICE``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_TIMESLICE_MASK`` and disables timeslicing
- * - ``RTEMS_TIMESLICE``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_TIMESLICE_MASK`` and enables timeslicing
- * - ``RTEMS_ASR``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_ASR_MASK`` and enables ASR processing
- * - ``RTEMS_NO_ASR``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_ASR_MASK`` and disables ASR processing
- * - ``RTEMS_INTERRUPT_LEVEL(0)``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_INTERRUPT_MASK`` and enables all interrupts
- * - ``RTEMS_INTERRUPT_LEVEL(n)``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_INTERRUPT_MASK`` and sets interrupts level n
-
-Mode values are specifically designed to be mutually exclusive, therefore
-bitwise OR and addition operations are equivalent as long as each mode appears
-exactly once in the component list. A mode component listed as a default is
-not required to appear in the mode list, although it is a good programming
-practice to specify default components. If all defaults are desired, the mode
-``DEFAULT_MODES`` should be specified on this call.
-
-This example demonstrates the mode parameter used with the
-``rtems_signal_catch`` to establish an ASR which executes at interrupt level
-three and is non-preemptible. The mode should be set to
-``RTEMS_INTERRUPT_LEVEL(3) | RTEMS_NO_PREEMPT`` to indicate the desired
-processor mode and interrupt level.
-
-Operations
-==========
-
-Establishing an ASR
--------------------
-
-The ``rtems_signal_catch`` directive establishes an ASR for the calling task.
-The address of the ASR and its execution mode are specified to this directive.
-The ASR's mode is distinct from the task's mode. For example, the task may
-allow preemption, while that task's ASR may have preemption disabled. Until a
-task calls ``rtems_signal_catch`` the first time, its ASR is invalid, and no
-signal sets can be sent to the task.
-
-A task may invalidate its ASR and discard all pending signals by calling
-``rtems_signal_catch`` with a value of NULL for the ASR's address. When a
-task's ASR is invalid, new signal sets sent to this task are discarded.
-
-A task may disable ASR processing (``RTEMS_NO_ASR``) via the task_mode
-directive. When a task's ASR is disabled, the signals sent to it are left
-pending to be processed later when the ASR is enabled.
-
-Any directive that can be called from a task can also be called from an ASR. A
-task is only allowed one active ASR. Thus, each call to ``rtems_signal_catch``
-replaces the previous one.
-
-Normally, signal processing is disabled for the ASR's execution mode, but if
-signal processing is enabled for the ASR, the ASR must be reentrant.
-
-Sending a Signal Set
---------------------
-
-The ``rtems_signal_send`` directive allows both tasks and ISRs to send signals
-to a target task. The target task and a set of signals are specified to the
-``rtems_signal_send`` directive. The sending of a signal to a task has no
-effect on the execution state of that task. If the task is not the currently
-running task, then the signals are left pending and processed by the task's ASR
-the next time the task is dispatched to run. The ASR is executed immediately
-before the task is dispatched. If the currently running task sends a signal to
-itself or is sent a signal from an ISR, its ASR is immediately dispatched to
-run provided signal processing is enabled.
-
-If an ASR with signals enabled is preempted by another task or an ISR and a new
-signal set is sent, then a new copy of the ASR will be invoked, nesting the
-preempted ASR. Upon completion of processing the new signal set, control will
-return to the preempted ASR. In this situation, the ASR must be reentrant.
-
-Like events, identical signals sent to a task are not queued. In other words,
-sending the same signal multiple times to a task (without any intermediate
-signal processing occurring for the task), has the same result as sending that
-signal to that task once.
-
-.. index:: rtems_asr
-
-Processing an ASR
------------------
-
-Asynchronous signals were designed to provide the capability to generate
-software interrupts. The processing of software interrupts parallels that of
-hardware interrupts. As a result, the differences between the formats of ASRs
-and ISRs is limited to the meaning of the single argument passed to an ASR.
-The ASR should have the following calling sequence and adhere to C calling
-conventions:
-
-.. code-block:: c
-
- rtems_asr user_routine(
- rtems_signal_set signals
- );
-
-When the ASR returns to RTEMS the mode and execution path of the interrupted
-task (or ASR) is restored to the context prior to entering the ASR.
-
-Directives
-==========
-
-This section details the signal manager's directives. A subsection is
-dedicated to each of this manager's directives and describes the calling
-sequence, related constants, usage, and status codes.
-
-.. raw:: latex
-
- \clearpage
-
-.. index:: establish an ASR
-.. index:: install an ASR
-.. index:: rtems_signal_catch
-
-.. _rtems_signal_catch:
-
-SIGNAL_CATCH - Establish an ASR
--------------------------------
-
-CALLING SEQUENCE:
- .. code-block:: c
-
- rtems_status_code rtems_signal_catch(
- rtems_asr_entry asr_handler,
- rtems_mode mode
- );
-
-DIRECTIVE STATUS CODES:
- .. list-table::
- :class: rtems-table
-
- * - ``RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL``
- - always successful
-
-DESCRIPTION:
- This directive establishes an asynchronous signal routine (ASR) for the
- calling task. The asr_handler parameter specifies the entry point of the
- ASR. If asr_handler is NULL, the ASR for the calling task is invalidated
- and all pending signals are cleared. Any signals sent to a task with an
- invalid ASR are discarded. The mode parameter specifies the execution mode
- for the ASR. This execution mode supersedes the task's execution mode
- while the ASR is executing.
-
-NOTES:
- This directive will not cause the calling task to be preempted.
-
- The following task mode constants are defined by RTEMS:
-
- .. list-table::
- :class: rtems-table
-
- * - ``RTEMS_PREEMPT``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_PREEMPT_MASK`` and enables preemption
- * - ``RTEMS_NO_PREEMPT``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_PREEMPT_MASK`` and disables preemption
- * - ``RTEMS_NO_TIMESLICE``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_TIMESLICE_MASK`` and disables timeslicing
- * - ``RTEMS_TIMESLICE``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_TIMESLICE_MASK`` and enables timeslicing
- * - ``RTEMS_ASR``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_ASR_MASK`` and enables ASR processing
- * - ``RTEMS_NO_ASR``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_ASR_MASK`` and disables ASR processing
- * - ``RTEMS_INTERRUPT_LEVEL(0)``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_INTERRUPT_MASK`` and enables all interrupts
- * - ``RTEMS_INTERRUPT_LEVEL(n)``
- - is masked by ``RTEMS_INTERRUPT_MASK`` and sets interrupts level n
-
-.. raw:: latex
-
- \clearpage
-
-.. index:: send signal set
-.. index:: rtems_signal_send
-
-.. _rtems_signal_send:
-
-SIGNAL_SEND - Send signal set to a task
----------------------------------------
-
-CALLING SEQUENCE:
- .. code-block:: c
-
- rtems_status_code rtems_signal_send(
- rtems_id id,
- rtems_signal_set signal_set
- );
-
-DIRECTIVE STATUS CODES:
- .. list-table::
- :class: rtems-table
-
- * - ``RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL``
- - signal sent successfully
- * - ``RTEMS_INVALID_ID``
- - task id invalid
- * - ``RTEMS_INVALID_NUMBER``
- - empty signal set
- * - ``RTEMS_NOT_DEFINED``
- - ASR invalid
-
-DESCRIPTION:
- This directive sends a signal set to the task specified in id. The
- signal_set parameter contains the signal set to be sent to the task.
-
- If a caller sends a signal set to a task with an invalid ASR, then an error
- code is returned to the caller. If a caller sends a signal set to a task
- whose ASR is valid but disabled, then the signal set will be caught and
- left pending for the ASR to process when it is enabled. If a caller sends a
- signal set to a task with an ASR that is both valid and enabled, then the
- signal set is caught and the ASR will execute the next time the task is
- dispatched to run.
-
-NOTES:
- Sending a signal set to a task has no effect on that task's state. If a
- signal set is sent to a blocked task, then the task will remain blocked and
- the signals will be processed when the task becomes the running task.
-
- Sending a signal set to a global task which does not reside on the local
- node will generate a request telling the remote node to send the signal set
- to the specified task.