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-<HTML>
-<HEAD>
-<TITLE>TERM 7</TITLE>
-<link rev=made href="mailto:bug-ncurses@gnu.org">
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
-</HEAD>
-<BODY>
-<H1>TERM 7</H1>
-<HR>
-<PRE>
-<!-- Manpage converted by man2html 3.0.1 -->
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>NAME</H2><PRE>
- term - conventions for naming terminal types
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2><PRE>
- The environment variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> should normally contain the
- type name of the terminal, console or display-device type
- you are using. This information is critical for all
- screen-oriented programs, including your editor and
- mailer.
-
- A default <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> value will be set on a per-line basis by
- either <STRONG>/etc/inittab</STRONG> (Linux and System-V-like UNIXes) or
- <STRONG>/etc/ttys</STRONG> (BSD UNIXes). This will nearly always suffice
- for workstation and microcomputer consoles.
-
- If you use a dialup line, the type of device attached to
- it may vary. Older UNIX systems pre-set a very dumb ter-
- minal type like `dumb' or `dialup' on dialup lines. Newer
- ones may pre-set `vt100', reflecting the prevalence of DEC
- VT100-compatible terminals and personal-computer emula-
- tors.
-
- Modern telnets pass your <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> environment variable from
- the local side to the remote one. There can be problems
- if the remote terminfo or termcap entry for your type is
- not compatible with yours, but this situation is rare and
- can almost always be avoided by explicitly exporting
- `vt100' (assuming you are in fact using a VT100-superset
- console, terminal, or terminal emulator.)
-
- In any case, you are free to override the system <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> set-
- ting to your taste in your shell profile. The <STRONG><A HREF="tset.1.html">tset(1)</A></STRONG>
- utility may be of assistance; you can give it a set of
- rules for deducing or requesting a terminal type based on
- the tty device and baud rate.
-
- Setting your own <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> value may also be useful if you have
- created a custom entry incorporating options (such as
- visual bell or reverse-video) which you wish to override
- the system default type for your line.
-
- Terminal type descriptions are stored as files of capabil-
- ity data underneath /usr/share/terminfo. To browse a list
- of all terminal names recognized by the system, do
-
- toe | more
-
- from your shell. These capability files are in a binary
- format optimized for retrieval speed (unlike the old text-
- based <STRONG>termcap</STRONG> format they replace); to examine an entry,
- you must use the <STRONG><A HREF="infocmp.1.html">infocmp(1)</A></STRONG> command. Invoke it as fol-
- lows:
-
- infocmp <EM>entry-name</EM>
-
- where <EM>entry-name</EM> is the name of the type you wish to exam-
- ine (and the name of its capability file the subdirectory
- of /usr/share/terminfo named for its first letter). This
- command dumps a capability file in the text format
- described by <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>.
-
- The first line of a <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG> description gives the
- names by which terminfo knows a terminal, separated by `|'
- (pipe-bar) characters with the last name field terminated
- by a comma. The first name field is the type's <EM>primary</EM>
- <EM>name</EM>, and is the one to use when setting <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>. The last
- name field (if distinct from the first) is actually a
- description of the terminal type (it may contain blanks;
- the others must be single words). Name fields between the
- first and last (if present) are aliases for the terminal,
- usually historical names retained for compatibility.
-
- There are some conventions for how to choose terminal pri-
- mary names that help keep them informative and unique.
- Here is a step-by-step guide to naming terminals that also
- explains how to parse them:
-
- First, choose a root name. The root will consist of a
- lower-case letter followed by up to seven lower-case let-
- ters or digits. You need to avoid using punctuation char-
- acters in root names, because they are used and inter-
- preted as filenames and shell meta-characters (such as !,
- $, *, ? etc.) embedded in them may cause odd and unhelpful
- behavior. The slash (/), or any other character that may
- be interpreted by anyone's file system (\, $, [, ]), is
- especially dangerous (terminfo is platform-independent,
- and choosing names with special characters could someday
- make life difficult for users of a future port). The dot
- (.) character is relatively safe as long as there is at
- most one per root name; some historical terminfo names use
- it.
-
- The root name for a terminal or workstation console type
- should almost always begin with a vendor prefix (such as
- <STRONG>hp</STRONG> for Hewlett-Packard, <STRONG>wy</STRONG> for Wyse, or <STRONG>att</STRONG> for AT&amp;T ter-
- minals), or a common name of the terminal line (<STRONG>vt</STRONG> for the
- VT series of terminals from DEC, or <STRONG>sun</STRONG> for Sun Microsys-
- tems workstation consoles, or <STRONG>regent</STRONG> for the ADDS Regent
- series. You can list the terminfo tree to see what pre-
- fixes are already in common use. The root name prefix
- should be followed when appropriate by a model number;
- thus <STRONG>vt100</STRONG>, <STRONG>hp2621</STRONG>, <STRONG>wy50</STRONG>.
-
- The root name for a PC-Unix console type should be the OS
- name, i.e. <STRONG>linux</STRONG>, <STRONG>bsdos</STRONG>, <STRONG>freebsd</STRONG>, <STRONG>netbsd</STRONG>. It should <EM>not</EM>
- be <STRONG>console</STRONG> or any other generic that might cause confusion
- in a multi-platform environment! If a model number fol-
- lows, it should indicate either the OS release level or
- the console driver release level.
- The root name for a terminal emulator (assuming it doesn't
- fit one of the standard ANSI or vt100 types) should be the
- program name or a readily recognizable abbreviation of it
- (i.e. <STRONG>versaterm</STRONG>, <STRONG>ctrm</STRONG>).
-
- Following the root name, you may add any reasonable number
- of hyphen-separated feature suffixes.
-
- 2p Has two pages of memory. Likewise 4p, 8p, etc.
-
- mc Magic-cookie. Some terminals (notably older Wyses)
- can only support one attribute without magic-cookie
- lossage. Their base entry is usually paired with
- another that has this suffix and uses magic cookies
- to support multiple attributes.
-
- -am Enable auto-margin (right-margin wraparound)
-
- -m Mono mode - suppress color support
-
- -na No arrow keys - termcap ignores arrow keys which are
- actually there on the terminal, so the user can use
- the arrow keys locally.
-
- -nam No auto-margin - suppress am capability
-
- -nl No labels - suppress soft labels
-
- -nsl No status line - suppress status line
-
- -pp Has a printer port which is used.
-
- -rv Terminal in reverse video mode (black on white)
-
- -s Enable status line.
-
- -vb Use visible bell (flash) rather than beep.
-
- -w Wide; terminal is in 132 column mode.
-
- Conventionally, if your terminal type is a variant
- intended to specify a line height, that suffix should go
- first. So, for a hypothetical FuBarCo model 2317 terminal
- in 30-line mode with reverse video, best form would be
- <STRONG>fubar-30-rv</STRONG> (rather than, say, `fubar-rv-30').
-
- Terminal types that are written not as standalone entries,
- but rather as components to be plugged into other entries
- via <STRONG>use</STRONG> capabilities, are distinguished by using embedded
- plus signs rather than dashes.
-
- Commands which use a terminal type to control display
- often accept a -T option that accepts a terminal name
- argument. Such programs should fall back on the <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>
- environment variable when no -T option is specified.
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>PORTABILITY</H2><PRE>
- For maximum compatibility with older System V UNIXes,
- names and aliases should be unique within the first 14
- characters.
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>FILES</H2><PRE>
- /usr/share/terminfo/?/*
- compiled terminal capability data base
-
- /etc/inittab
- tty line initialization (AT&amp;T-like UNIXes).
-
- /etc/ttys
- tty line initialization (BSD-like UNIXes).
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>SEE ALSO</H2><PRE>
- <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="term.5.html">term(5)</A></STRONG>.
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