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-</PRE>
-<H2>NAME</H2><PRE>
- <B>tset</B>, <B>reset</B> - terminal initialization
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2><PRE>
- tset [-IQVqrs] [-] [-e <I>ch</I>] [-i <I>ch</I>] [-k <I>ch</I>] [-m <I>mapping</I>]
- [<I>terminal</I>]
- reset [-IQVqrs] [-] [-e <I>ch</I>] [-i <I>ch</I>] [-k <I>ch</I>] [-m <I>mapping</I>]
- [<I>terminal</I>]
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2><PRE>
- <B>Tset</B> initializes terminals. <B>Tset</B> first determines the
- type of terminal that you are using. This determination
- is done as follows, using the first terminal type found.
-
- 1. The <B>terminal</B> argument specified on the command line.
-
- 2. The value of the <B>TERM</B> environmental variable.
-
- 3. (BSD systems only.) The terminal type associated with
- the standard error output device in the <I>/etc/ttys</I> file.
- (On Linux and System-V-like UNIXes, <I>getty</I> does this job by
- setting <B>TERM</B> according to the type passed to it by
- <I>/etc/inittab</I>.)
-
- 4. The default terminal type, ``unknown''.
-
- If the terminal type was not specified on the command-
- line, the -m option mappings are then applied (see below
- for more information). Then, if the terminal type begins
- with a question mark (``?''), the user is prompted for
- confirmation of the terminal type. An empty response con-
- firms the type, or, another type can be entered to specify
- a new type. Once the terminal type has been determined,
- the terminfo entry for the terminal is retrieved. If no
- terminfo entry is found for the type, the user is prompted
- for another terminal type.
-
- Once the terminfo entry is retrieved, the window size,
- backspace, interrupt and line kill characters (among many
- other things) are set and the terminal and tab initializa-
- tion strings are sent to the standard error output.
- Finally, if the erase, interrupt and line kill characters
- have changed, or are not set to their default values,
- their values are displayed to the standard error output.
-
- When invoked as <B>reset</B>, <B>tset</B> sets cooked and echo modes,
- turns off cbreak and raw modes, turns on newline transla-
- tion and resets any unset special characters to their
- default values before doing the terminal initialization
- described above. This is useful after a program dies
- leaving a terminal in an abnormal state. Note, you may
- have to type
-
- <B>&lt;LF&gt;reset&lt;LF&gt;</B>
-
- (the line-feed character is normally control-J) to get the
- terminal to work, as carriage-return may no longer work in
- the abnormal state. Also, the terminal will often not
- echo the command.
-
- The options are as follows:
-
- -q The terminal type is displayed to the standard out-
- put, and the terminal is not initialized in any way.
- The option `-' by itself is equivalent but archaic.
-
- -e Set the erase character to <I>ch</I>.
-
- -I Do not send the terminal or tab initialization
- strings to the terminal.
-
- -Q Don't display any values for the erase, interrupt and
- line kill characters.
-
- <B>-V</B> reports the version of ncurses which was used in this
- program, and exits.
-
- -i Set the interrupt character to <I>ch</I>.
-
- -k Set the line kill character to <I>ch</I>.
-
- -m Specify a mapping from a port type to a terminal.
- See below for more information.
-
- -r Print the terminal type to the standard error output.
-
- -s Print the sequence of shell commands to initialize
- the environment variable <B>TERM</B> to the standard output.
- See the section below on setting the environment for
- details.
-
- The arguments for the -e, -i, and -k options may either be
- entered as actual characters or by using the `hat' nota-
- tion, i.e. control-h may be specified as ``^H'' or ``^h''.
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>SETTING THE ENVIRONMENT</H2><PRE>
- It is often desirable to enter the terminal type and
- information about the terminal's capabilities into the
- shell's environment. This is done using the -s option.
-
- When the -s option is specified, the commands to enter the
- information into the shell's environment are written to
- the standard output. If the <B>SHELL</B> environmental variable
- ends in ``csh'', the commands are for <B>csh</B>, otherwise, they
- are for <B>sh</B>. Note, the <B>csh</B> commands set and unset the
- shell variable <B>noglob</B>, leaving it unset. The following
- line in the <B>.login</B> or <B>.profile</B> files will initialize the
- environment correctly:
-
- eval `tset -s options ... `
-
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>TERMINAL TYPE MAPPING</H2><PRE>
- When the terminal is not hardwired into the system (or the
- current system information is incorrect) the terminal type
- derived from the <I>/etc/ttys</I> file or the <B>TERM</B> environmental
- variable is often something generic like <B>network</B>, <B>dialup</B>,
- or <B>unknown</B>. When <B>tset</B> is used in a startup script it is
- often desirable to provide information about the type of
- terminal used on such ports.
-
- The purpose of the -m option is to map from some set of
- conditions to a terminal type, that is, to tell <B>tset</B> ``If
- I'm on this port at a particular speed, guess that I'm on
- that kind of terminal''.
-
- The argument to the -m option consists of an optional port
- type, an optional operator, an optional baud rate specifi-
- cation, an optional colon (``:'') character and a terminal
- type. The port type is a string (delimited by either the
- operator or the colon character). The operator may be any
- combination of ``&gt;'', ``&lt;'', ``@'', and ``!''; ``&gt;'' means
- greater than, ``&lt;'' means less than, ``@'' means equal to
- and ``!'' inverts the sense of the test. The baud rate is
- specified as a number and is compared with the speed of
- the standard error output (which should be the control
- terminal). The terminal type is a string.
-
- If the terminal type is not specified on the command line,
- the -m mappings are applied to the terminal type. If the
- port type and baud rate match the mapping, the terminal
- type specified in the mapping replaces the current type.
- If more than one mapping is specified, the first applica-
- ble mapping is used.
-
- For example, consider the following mapping:
- <B>dialup&gt;9600:vt100</B>. The port type is dialup , the operator
- is &gt;, the baud rate specification is 9600, and the termi-
- nal type is vt100. The result of this mapping is to spec-
- ify that if the terminal type is <B>dialup</B>, and the baud rate
- is greater than 9600 baud, a terminal type of <B>vt100</B> will
- be used.
-
- If no baud rate is specified, the terminal type will match
- any baud rate. If no port type is specified, the terminal
- type will match any port type. For example, <B>-m</B>
- <B>dialup:vt100</B> <B>-m</B> <B>:?xterm</B> will cause any dialup port,
- regardless of baud rate, to match the terminal type vt100,
- and any non-dialup port type to match the terminal type
- ?xterm. Note, because of the leading question mark, the
- user will be queried on a default port as to whether they
- are actually using an xterm terminal.
-
- No whitespace characters are permitted in the -m option
- argument. Also, to avoid problems with meta-characters,
- it is suggested that the entire -m option argument be
- placed within single quote characters, and that <B>csh</B> users
- insert a backslash character (``\'') before any exclama-
- tion marks (``!'').
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>HISTORY</H2><PRE>
- The <B>tset</B> command appeared in BSD 3.0. The <B>ncurses</B> imple-
- mentation was lightly adapted from the 4.4BSD sources for
- a terminfo environment by Eric S. Raymond &lt;esr@snark.thyr-
- sus.com&gt;.
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>COMPATIBILITY</H2><PRE>
- The <B>tset</B> utility has been provided for backward-compati-
- bility with BSD environments (under most modern UNIXes,
- <B>/etc/inittab</B> and <B><A HREF="getty.1.html">getty(1)</A></B> can set <B>TERM</B> appropriately for
- each dial-up line; this obviates what was <B>tset</B>'s most
- important use). This implementation behaves like 4.4BSD
- tset, with a few exceptions specified here.
-
- The -S option of BSD tset no longer works; it prints an
- error message to stderr and dies. The -s option only sets
- <B>TERM</B>, not <B>TERMCAP</B>. Both these changes are because the
- <B>TERMCAP</B> variable is no longer supported under terminfo-
- based <B>ncurses</B>, which makes <B>tset</B> <B>-S</B> useless (we made it die
- noisily rather than silently induce lossage).
-
- There was an undocumented 4.4BSD feature that invoking
- tset via a link named `TSET` (or via any other name begin-
- ning with an upper-case letter) set the terminal to use
- upper-case only. This feature has been omitted.
-
- The -A, -E, -h, -u and -v options were deleted from the
- <B>tset</B> utility in 4.4BSD. None of them were documented in
- 4.3BSD and all are of limited utility at best. The -a, -d,
- and -p options are similarly not documented or useful, but
- were retained as they appear to be in widespread use. It
- is strongly recommended that any usage of these three
- options be changed to use the -m option instead. The -n
- option remains, but has no effect. The -adnp options are
- therefore omitted from the usage summary above.
-
- It is still permissible to specify the -e, -i, and -k
- options without arguments, although it is strongly recom-
- mended that such usage be fixed to explicitly specify the
- character.
-
- As of 4.4BSD, executing <B>tset</B> as <B>reset</B> no longer implies
- the -Q option. Also, the interaction between the - option
- and the <I>terminal</I> argument in some historic implementations
- of <B>tset</B> has been removed.
-
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>ENVIRONMENT</H2><PRE>
- The <B>tset</B> command uses the <B>SHELL</B> and <B>TERM</B> environment vari-
- ables.
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>FILES</H2><PRE>
- /etc/ttys
- system port name to terminal type mapping database
- (BSD versions only).
-
- /usr/share/terminfo
- terminal capability database
-
-
-</PRE>
-<H2>SEE ALSO</H2><PRE>
- <B><A HREF="csh.1.html">csh(1)</A></B>, <B><A HREF="sh.1.html">sh(1)</A></B>, <B><A HREF="stty.1.html">stty(1)</A></B>, <B><A HREF="tty.4.html">tty(4)</A></B>, <B><A HREF="termcap.5.html">termcap(5)</A></B>, <B><A HREF="ttys.5.html">ttys(5)</A></B>, envi-
- <B><A HREF="ron.7.html">ron(7)</A></B>
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