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authorJoel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@OARcorp.com>2011-04-08 17:33:11 +0000
committerJoel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@OARcorp.com>2011-04-08 17:33:11 +0000
commit73f643f3f4a55310b2c8c1a9858906b2dd676e72 (patch)
treeb1df97f18dace4a5702b0bc7aafdfee8a2f25ada /gsl-1.9/doc/err.texi
parentee523abdace8337d05ec4a179fcdf5de3fe0f634 (diff)
2011-04-08 Joel Sherrill <joel.sherrill@oarcorp.com>
* AUTHORS, BUGS, COPYING, ChangeLog, INSTALL, Makefile.am, Makefile.in, NEWS, README, SUPPORT, THANKS, TODO, acconfig.h, aclocal.m4, autogen.sh, config.guess, config.h.in, config.sub, configure, configure.ac, gsl-config.in, gsl-histogram.c, gsl-randist.c, gsl.m4, gsl.pc.in, gsl.spec.in, gsl_machine.h, gsl_math.h, gsl_mode.h, gsl_nan.h, gsl_pow_int.h, gsl_precision.h, gsl_types.h, gsl_version.h.in, install-sh, ltmain.sh, mdate-sh, missing, mkinstalldirs, templates_off.h, templates_on.h, test_gsl_histogram.sh, version.c, blas/ChangeLog, blas/Makefile.am, blas/Makefile.in, blas/TODO, blas/blas.c, blas/gsl_blas.h, blas/gsl_blas_types.h, block/ChangeLog, block/Makefile.am, block/Makefile.in, block/block.c, block/block_source.c, block/file.c, block/fprintf_source.c, block/fwrite_source.c, block/gsl_block.h, block/gsl_block_char.h, block/gsl_block_complex_double.h, block/gsl_block_complex_float.h, block/gsl_block_complex_long_double.h, block/gsl_block_double.h, block/gsl_block_float.h, block/gsl_block_int.h, block/gsl_block_long.h, block/gsl_block_long_double.h, block/gsl_block_short.h, block/gsl_block_uchar.h, block/gsl_block_uint.h, block/gsl_block_ulong.h, block/gsl_block_ushort.h, block/gsl_check_range.h, block/init.c, block/init_source.c, block/test.c, block/test_complex_io.c, block/test_complex_source.c, block/test_io.c, block/test_source.c, bspline/ChangeLog, bspline/Makefile.am, bspline/Makefile.in, bspline/TODO, bspline/bspline.c, bspline/gsl_bspline.h, bspline/test.c, cblas/ChangeLog, cblas/Makefile.am, cblas/Makefile.in, cblas/TODO, cblas/caxpy.c, cblas/cblas.h, cblas/ccopy.c, cblas/cdotc_sub.c, cblas/cdotu_sub.c, cblas/cgbmv.c, cblas/cgemm.c, cblas/cgemv.c, cblas/cgerc.c, cblas/cgeru.c, cblas/chbmv.c, cblas/chemm.c, cblas/chemv.c, cblas/cher.c, cblas/cher2.c, cblas/cher2k.c, cblas/cherk.c, cblas/chpmv.c, cblas/chpr.c, cblas/chpr2.c, cblas/cscal.c, cblas/csscal.c, cblas/cswap.c, cblas/csymm.c, cblas/csyr2k.c, cblas/csyrk.c, cblas/ctbmv.c, cblas/ctbsv.c, cblas/ctpmv.c, cblas/ctpsv.c, cblas/ctrmm.c, cblas/ctrmv.c, cblas/ctrsm.c, cblas/ctrsv.c, cblas/dasum.c, cblas/daxpy.c, cblas/dcopy.c, cblas/ddot.c, cblas/dgbmv.c, cblas/dgemm.c, cblas/dgemv.c, cblas/dger.c, cblas/dnrm2.c, cblas/drot.c, cblas/drotg.c, cblas/drotm.c, cblas/drotmg.c, cblas/dsbmv.c, cblas/dscal.c, cblas/dsdot.c, cblas/dspmv.c, cblas/dspr.c, cblas/dspr2.c, cblas/dswap.c, cblas/dsymm.c, cblas/dsymv.c, cblas/dsyr.c, cblas/dsyr2.c, cblas/dsyr2k.c, cblas/dsyrk.c, cblas/dtbmv.c, cblas/dtbsv.c, cblas/dtpmv.c, cblas/dtpsv.c, cblas/dtrmm.c, cblas/dtrmv.c, cblas/dtrsm.c, cblas/dtrsv.c, cblas/dzasum.c, cblas/dznrm2.c, cblas/gsl_cblas.h, cblas/hypot.c, cblas/icamax.c, cblas/idamax.c, cblas/isamax.c, cblas/izamax.c, cblas/sasum.c, cblas/saxpy.c, cblas/scasum.c, cblas/scnrm2.c, cblas/scopy.c, cblas/sdot.c, cblas/sdsdot.c, cblas/sgbmv.c, cblas/sgemm.c, cblas/sgemv.c, cblas/sger.c, cblas/snrm2.c, cblas/source_asum_c.h, cblas/source_asum_r.h, cblas/source_axpy_c.h, cblas/source_axpy_r.h, cblas/source_copy_c.h, cblas/source_copy_r.h, cblas/source_dot_c.h, cblas/source_dot_r.h, cblas/source_gbmv_c.h, cblas/source_gbmv_r.h, cblas/source_gemm_c.h, cblas/source_gemm_r.h, cblas/source_gemv_c.h, cblas/source_gemv_r.h, cblas/source_ger.h, cblas/source_gerc.h, cblas/source_geru.h, cblas/source_hbmv.h, cblas/source_hemm.h, cblas/source_hemv.h, cblas/source_her.h, cblas/source_her2.h, cblas/source_her2k.h, cblas/source_herk.h, cblas/source_hpmv.h, cblas/source_hpr.h, cblas/source_hpr2.h, cblas/source_iamax_c.h, cblas/source_iamax_r.h, cblas/source_nrm2_c.h, cblas/source_nrm2_r.h, cblas/source_rot.h, cblas/source_rotg.h, cblas/source_rotm.h, cblas/source_rotmg.h, cblas/source_sbmv.h, cblas/source_scal_c.h, cblas/source_scal_c_s.h, cblas/source_scal_r.h, cblas/source_spmv.h, cblas/source_spr.h, cblas/source_spr2.h, cblas/source_swap_c.h, cblas/source_swap_r.h, cblas/source_symm_c.h, cblas/source_symm_r.h, cblas/source_symv.h, cblas/source_syr.h, cblas/source_syr2.h, cblas/source_syr2k_c.h, cblas/source_syr2k_r.h, cblas/source_syrk_c.h, cblas/source_syrk_r.h, cblas/source_tbmv_c.h, cblas/source_tbmv_r.h, cblas/source_tbsv_c.h, cblas/source_tbsv_r.h, cblas/source_tpmv_c.h, cblas/source_tpmv_r.h, cblas/source_tpsv_c.h, cblas/source_tpsv_r.h, cblas/source_trmm_c.h, cblas/source_trmm_r.h, cblas/source_trmv_c.h, cblas/source_trmv_r.h, cblas/source_trsm_c.h, cblas/source_trsm_r.h, cblas/source_trsv_c.h, cblas/source_trsv_r.h, cblas/srot.c, cblas/srotg.c, cblas/srotm.c, cblas/srotmg.c, cblas/ssbmv.c, cblas/sscal.c, cblas/sspmv.c, cblas/sspr.c, cblas/sspr2.c, cblas/sswap.c, cblas/ssymm.c, cblas/ssymv.c, cblas/ssyr.c, cblas/ssyr2.c, cblas/ssyr2k.c, cblas/ssyrk.c, cblas/stbmv.c, cblas/stbsv.c, cblas/stpmv.c, cblas/stpsv.c, cblas/strmm.c, cblas/strmv.c, cblas/strsm.c, cblas/strsv.c, cblas/test.c, cblas/test_amax.c, cblas/test_asum.c, cblas/test_axpy.c, cblas/test_copy.c, cblas/test_dot.c, cblas/test_gbmv.c, cblas/test_gemm.c, cblas/test_gemv.c, cblas/test_ger.c, cblas/test_hbmv.c, cblas/test_hemm.c, cblas/test_hemv.c, cblas/test_her.c, cblas/test_her2.c, cblas/test_her2k.c, cblas/test_herk.c, cblas/test_hpmv.c, cblas/test_hpr.c, cblas/test_hpr2.c, cblas/test_nrm2.c, cblas/test_rot.c, cblas/test_rotg.c, cblas/test_rotm.c, cblas/test_rotmg.c, cblas/test_sbmv.c, cblas/test_scal.c, cblas/test_spmv.c, cblas/test_spr.c, cblas/test_spr2.c, cblas/test_swap.c, cblas/test_symm.c, cblas/test_symv.c, cblas/test_syr.c, cblas/test_syr2.c, cblas/test_syr2k.c, cblas/test_syrk.c, cblas/test_tbmv.c, cblas/test_tbsv.c, cblas/test_tpmv.c, cblas/test_tpsv.c, cblas/test_trmm.c, cblas/test_trmv.c, cblas/test_trsm.c, cblas/test_trsv.c, cblas/tests.c, cblas/tests.h, cblas/xerbla.c, cblas/zaxpy.c, cblas/zcopy.c, cblas/zdotc_sub.c, cblas/zdotu_sub.c, cblas/zdscal.c, cblas/zgbmv.c, cblas/zgemm.c, cblas/zgemv.c, cblas/zgerc.c, cblas/zgeru.c, cblas/zhbmv.c, cblas/zhemm.c, cblas/zhemv.c, cblas/zher.c, cblas/zher2.c, cblas/zher2k.c, cblas/zherk.c, cblas/zhpmv.c, cblas/zhpr.c, cblas/zhpr2.c, cblas/zscal.c, cblas/zswap.c, cblas/zsymm.c, cblas/zsyr2k.c, cblas/zsyrk.c, cblas/ztbmv.c, cblas/ztbsv.c, cblas/ztpmv.c, cblas/ztpsv.c, cblas/ztrmm.c, cblas/ztrmv.c, cblas/ztrsm.c, cblas/ztrsv.c, cdf/ChangeLog, cdf/Makefile.am, cdf/Makefile.in, cdf/beta.c, cdf/beta_inc.c, cdf/betainv.c, cdf/binomial.c, cdf/cauchy.c, cdf/cauchyinv.c, cdf/chisq.c, cdf/chisqinv.c, cdf/error.h, cdf/exponential.c, cdf/exponentialinv.c, cdf/exppow.c, cdf/fdist.c, cdf/fdistinv.c, cdf/flat.c, cdf/flatinv.c, cdf/gamma.c, cdf/gammainv.c, cdf/gauss.c, cdf/gaussinv.c, cdf/geometric.c, cdf/gsl_cdf.h, cdf/gumbel1.c, cdf/gumbel1inv.c, cdf/gumbel2.c, cdf/gumbel2inv.c, cdf/hypergeometric.c, cdf/laplace.c, cdf/laplaceinv.c, cdf/logistic.c, cdf/logisticinv.c, cdf/lognormal.c, cdf/lognormalinv.c, cdf/nbinomial.c, cdf/pareto.c, cdf/paretoinv.c, cdf/pascal.c, cdf/poisson.c, cdf/rat_eval.h, cdf/rayleigh.c, cdf/rayleighinv.c, cdf/tdist.c, cdf/tdistinv.c, cdf/test.c, cdf/test_auto.c, cdf/weibull.c, cdf/weibullinv.c, cheb/ChangeLog, cheb/Makefile.am, cheb/Makefile.in, cheb/deriv.c, cheb/eval.c, cheb/gsl_chebyshev.h, cheb/init.c, cheb/integ.c, cheb/test.c, combination/ChangeLog, combination/Makefile.am, combination/Makefile.in, combination/combination.c, combination/file.c, combination/gsl_combination.h, combination/init.c, combination/test.c, complex/ChangeLog, complex/Makefile.am, complex/Makefile.in, complex/TODO, complex/gsl_complex.h, complex/gsl_complex_math.h, complex/math.c, complex/results.h, complex/results1.h, complex/results_real.h, complex/test.c, const/ChangeLog, const/Makefile.am, const/Makefile.in, const/TODO, const/gsl_const.h, const/gsl_const_cgs.h, const/gsl_const_cgsm.h, const/gsl_const_mks.h, const/gsl_const_mksa.h, const/gsl_const_num.h, const/test.c, deriv/ChangeLog, deriv/Makefile.am, deriv/Makefile.in, deriv/deriv.c, deriv/gsl_deriv.h, deriv/test.c, dht/ChangeLog, dht/Makefile.am, dht/Makefile.in, dht/dht.c, dht/gsl_dht.h, dht/test.c, diff/ChangeLog, diff/Makefile.am, diff/Makefile.in, diff/diff.c, diff/gsl_diff.h, diff/test.c, doc/12-cities.eps, doc/ChangeLog, doc/Makefile.am, doc/Makefile.in, doc/algorithm.sty, doc/algorithmic.sty, doc/autoconf.texi, doc/blas.texi, doc/bspline.eps, doc/bspline.texi, doc/calc.sty, doc/cblas.texi, doc/cheb.eps, doc/cheb.texi, doc/combination.texi, doc/complex.texi, doc/const.texi, doc/debug.texi, doc/dht.texi, doc/diff.texi, doc/dwt-orig.eps, doc/dwt-samp.eps, doc/dwt.texi, doc/eigen.texi, doc/err.texi, doc/fdl.texi, doc/fft-complex-radix2-f.eps, doc/fft-complex-radix2-t.eps, doc/fft-complex-radix2.eps, doc/fft-real-mixedradix.eps, doc/fft.texi, doc/fftalgorithms.bib, doc/fftalgorithms.tex, doc/final-route.eps, doc/fit-exp.eps, doc/fit-wlinear.eps, doc/fit-wlinear2.eps, doc/fitting.texi, doc/freemanuals.texi, doc/gpl.texi, doc/gsl-config.1, doc/gsl-design.texi, doc/gsl-histogram.1, doc/gsl-randist.1, doc/gsl-ref.info, doc/gsl-ref.info-1, doc/gsl-ref.info-2, doc/gsl-ref.info-3, doc/gsl-ref.info-4, doc/gsl-ref.info-5, doc/gsl-ref.info-6, doc/gsl-ref.texi, doc/gsl.3, doc/histogram.eps, doc/histogram.texi, doc/histogram2d.eps, doc/ieee754.texi, doc/initial-route.eps, doc/integration.texi, doc/interp.texi, doc/interp2.eps, doc/interpp2.eps, doc/intro.texi, doc/landau.dat, doc/linalg.texi, doc/math.texi, doc/mdate-sh, doc/min-interval.eps, doc/min.texi, doc/montecarlo.texi, doc/multifit.texi, doc/multimin.eps, doc/multimin.texi, doc/multiroots.texi, doc/ntuple.eps, doc/ntuple.texi, doc/ode-initval.texi, doc/permutation.texi, doc/poly.texi, doc/qrng.eps, doc/qrng.texi, doc/rand-bernoulli.tex, doc/rand-beta.tex, doc/rand-binomial.tex, doc/rand-bivariate-gaussian.tex, doc/rand-cauchy.tex, doc/rand-chisq.tex, doc/rand-erlang.tex, doc/rand-exponential.tex, doc/rand-exppow.tex, doc/rand-fdist.tex, doc/rand-flat.tex, doc/rand-gamma.tex, doc/rand-gaussian-tail.tex, doc/rand-gaussian.tex, doc/rand-geometric.tex, doc/rand-gumbel.tex, doc/rand-gumbel1.tex, doc/rand-gumbel2.tex, doc/rand-hypergeometric.tex, doc/rand-landau.tex, doc/rand-laplace.tex, doc/rand-levy.tex, doc/rand-levyskew.tex, doc/rand-logarithmic.tex, doc/rand-logistic.tex, doc/rand-lognormal.tex, doc/rand-nbinomial.tex, doc/rand-pareto.tex, doc/rand-pascal.tex, doc/rand-poisson.tex, doc/rand-rayleigh-tail.tex, doc/rand-rayleigh.tex, doc/rand-tdist.tex, doc/rand-weibull.tex, doc/randist.texi, doc/random-walk.tex, doc/randplots.gnp, doc/rng.texi, doc/roots-bisection.eps, doc/roots-false-position.eps, doc/roots-newtons-method.eps, doc/roots-secant-method.eps, doc/roots.texi, doc/siman-energy.eps, doc/siman-test.eps, doc/siman.texi, doc/sort.texi, doc/specfunc-airy.texi, doc/specfunc-bessel.texi, doc/specfunc-clausen.texi, doc/specfunc-coulomb.texi, doc/specfunc-coupling.texi, doc/specfunc-dawson.texi, doc/specfunc-debye.texi, doc/specfunc-dilog.texi, doc/specfunc-elementary.texi, doc/specfunc-ellint.texi, doc/specfunc-elljac.texi, doc/specfunc-erf.texi, doc/specfunc-exp.texi, doc/specfunc-expint.texi, doc/specfunc-fermi-dirac.texi, doc/specfunc-gamma.texi, doc/specfunc-gegenbauer.texi, doc/specfunc-hyperg.texi, doc/specfunc-laguerre.texi, doc/specfunc-lambert.texi, doc/specfunc-legendre.texi, doc/specfunc-log.texi, doc/specfunc-mathieu.texi, doc/specfunc-pow-int.texi, doc/specfunc-psi.texi, doc/specfunc-synchrotron.texi, doc/specfunc-transport.texi, doc/specfunc-trig.texi, doc/specfunc-zeta.texi, doc/specfunc.texi, doc/stamp-vti, doc/statistics.texi, doc/sum.texi, doc/texinfo.tex, doc/usage.texi, doc/vdp.eps, doc/vectors.texi, doc/version-ref.texi, doc/examples/blas.c, doc/examples/blas.out, doc/examples/block.c, doc/examples/block.out, doc/examples/bspline.c, doc/examples/cblas.c, doc/examples/cblas.out, doc/examples/cdf.c, doc/examples/cdf.out, doc/examples/cheb.c, doc/examples/combination.c, doc/examples/combination.out, doc/examples/const.c, doc/examples/const.out, doc/examples/demo_fn.c, doc/examples/demo_fn.h, doc/examples/diff.c, doc/examples/diff.out, doc/examples/dwt.c, doc/examples/dwt.dat, doc/examples/ecg.dat, doc/examples/eigen.c, doc/examples/eigen_nonsymm.c, doc/examples/expfit.c, doc/examples/fft.c, doc/examples/fftmr.c, doc/examples/fftreal.c, doc/examples/fitting.c, doc/examples/fitting2.c, doc/examples/fitting3.c, doc/examples/histogram.c, doc/examples/histogram2d.c, doc/examples/ieee.c, doc/examples/ieeeround.c, doc/examples/integration.c, doc/examples/integration.out, doc/examples/interp.c, doc/examples/interpp.c, doc/examples/intro.c, doc/examples/intro.out, doc/examples/linalglu.c, doc/examples/linalglu.out, doc/examples/matrix.c, doc/examples/matrixw.c, doc/examples/min.c, doc/examples/min.out, doc/examples/monte.c, doc/examples/nlfit.c, doc/examples/ntupler.c, doc/examples/ntuplew.c, doc/examples/ode-initval.c, doc/examples/odefixed.c, doc/examples/permseq.c, doc/examples/permshuffle.c, doc/examples/polyroots.c, doc/examples/polyroots.out, doc/examples/qrng.c, doc/examples/randpoisson.2.out, doc/examples/randpoisson.c, doc/examples/randpoisson.out, doc/examples/randwalk.c, doc/examples/rng.c, doc/examples/rng.out, doc/examples/rngunif.2.out, doc/examples/rngunif.c, doc/examples/rngunif.out, doc/examples/rootnewt.c, doc/examples/roots.c, doc/examples/siman.c, doc/examples/sortsmall.c, doc/examples/sortsmall.out, doc/examples/specfun.c, doc/examples/specfun.out, doc/examples/specfun_e.c, doc/examples/specfun_e.out, doc/examples/stat.c, doc/examples/stat.out, doc/examples/statsort.c, doc/examples/statsort.out, doc/examples/sum.c, doc/examples/sum.out, doc/examples/vector.c, doc/examples/vectorr.c, doc/examples/vectorview.c, doc/examples/vectorview.out, doc/examples/vectorw.c, eigen/ChangeLog, eigen/Makefile.am, eigen/Makefile.in, eigen/TODO, eigen/francis.c, eigen/gsl_eigen.h, eigen/herm.c, eigen/hermv.c, eigen/jacobi.c, eigen/nonsymm.c, eigen/nonsymmv.c, eigen/qrstep.c, eigen/schur.c, eigen/schur.h, eigen/sort.c, eigen/symm.c, eigen/symmv.c, eigen/test.c, err/ChangeLog, 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vector/gsl_vector_complex_float.h, vector/gsl_vector_complex_long_double.h, vector/gsl_vector_double.h, vector/gsl_vector_float.h, vector/gsl_vector_int.h, vector/gsl_vector_long.h, vector/gsl_vector_long_double.h, vector/gsl_vector_short.h, vector/gsl_vector_uchar.h, vector/gsl_vector_uint.h, vector/gsl_vector_ulong.h, vector/gsl_vector_ushort.h, vector/init.c, vector/init_source.c, vector/minmax.c, vector/minmax_source.c, vector/oper.c, vector/oper_source.c, vector/prop.c, vector/prop_source.c, vector/reim.c, vector/reim_source.c, vector/subvector.c, vector/subvector_source.c, vector/swap.c, vector/swap_source.c, vector/test.c, vector/test_complex_source.c, vector/test_source.c, vector/test_static.c, vector/vector.c, vector/vector_source.c, vector/view.c, vector/view.h, vector/view_source.c, wavelet/ChangeLog, wavelet/Makefile.am, wavelet/Makefile.in, wavelet/TODO, wavelet/bspline.c, wavelet/daubechies.c, wavelet/dwt.c, wavelet/gsl_wavelet.h, wavelet/gsl_wavelet2d.h, wavelet/haar.c, wavelet/test.c, wavelet/wavelet.c: New files.
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+@cindex error handling
+This chapter describes the way that GSL functions report and handle
+errors. By examining the status information returned by every function
+you can determine whether it succeeded or failed, and if it failed you
+can find out what the precise cause of failure was. You can also define
+your own error handling functions to modify the default behavior of the
+library.
+
+The functions described in this section are declared in the header file
+@file{gsl_errno.h}.
+
+@menu
+* Error Reporting::
+* Error Codes::
+* Error Handlers::
+* Using GSL error reporting in your own functions::
+* Error Reporting Examples::
+@end menu
+
+@node Error Reporting
+@section Error Reporting
+
+The library follows the thread-safe error reporting conventions of the
+@sc{posix} Threads library. Functions return a non-zero error code to
+indicate an error and @code{0} to indicate success.
+
+@example
+int status = gsl_function (...)
+
+if (status) @{ /* an error occurred */
+ .....
+ /* status value specifies the type of error */
+@}
+@end example
+
+The routines report an error whenever they cannot perform the task
+requested of them. For example, a root-finding function would return a
+non-zero error code if could not converge to the requested accuracy, or
+exceeded a limit on the number of iterations. Situations like this are
+a normal occurrence when using any mathematical library and you should
+check the return status of the functions that you call.
+
+Whenever a routine reports an error the return value specifies the type
+of error. The return value is analogous to the value of the variable
+@code{errno} in the C library. The caller can examine the return code
+and decide what action to take, including ignoring the error if it is
+not considered serious.
+
+In addition to reporting errors by return codes the library also has an
+error handler function @code{gsl_error}. This function is called by
+other library functions when they report an error, just before they
+return to the caller. The default behavior of the error handler is to
+print a message and abort the program,
+
+@example
+gsl: file.c:67: ERROR: invalid argument supplied by user
+Default GSL error handler invoked.
+Aborted
+@end example
+
+The purpose of the @code{gsl_error} handler is to provide a function
+where a breakpoint can be set that will catch library errors when
+running under the debugger. It is not intended for use in production
+programs, which should handle any errors using the return codes.
+
+@node Error Codes
+@section Error Codes
+@cindex error codes, reserved
+The error code numbers returned by library functions are defined in
+the file @file{gsl_errno.h}. They all have the prefix @code{GSL_} and
+expand to non-zero constant integer values. Error codes above 1024 are
+reserved for applications, and are not used by the library. Many of
+the error codes use the same base name as the corresponding error code
+in the C library. Here are some of the most common error codes,
+
+@cindex error codes
+@deftypefn {Macro} int GSL_EDOM
+Domain error; used by mathematical functions when an argument value does
+not fall into the domain over which the function is defined (like
+EDOM in the C library)
+@end deftypefn
+
+@deftypefn {Macro} int GSL_ERANGE
+Range error; used by mathematical functions when the result value is not
+representable because of overflow or underflow (like ERANGE in the C
+library)
+@end deftypefn
+
+@deftypefn {Macro} int GSL_ENOMEM
+No memory available. The system cannot allocate more virtual memory
+because its capacity is full (like ENOMEM in the C library). This error
+is reported when a GSL routine encounters problems when trying to
+allocate memory with @code{malloc}.
+@end deftypefn
+
+@deftypefn {Macro} int GSL_EINVAL
+Invalid argument. This is used to indicate various kinds of problems
+with passing the wrong argument to a library function (like EINVAL in the C
+library).
+@end deftypefn
+
+The error codes can be converted into an error message using the
+function @code{gsl_strerror}.
+
+@deftypefun {const char *} gsl_strerror (const int @var{gsl_errno})
+This function returns a pointer to a string describing the error code
+@var{gsl_errno}. For example,
+
+@example
+printf ("error: %s\n", gsl_strerror (status));
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+would print an error message like @code{error: output range error} for a
+status value of @code{GSL_ERANGE}.
+@end deftypefun
+
+@node Error Handlers
+@section Error Handlers
+@cindex Error handlers
+
+The default behavior of the GSL error handler is to print a short
+message and call @code{abort}. When this default is in use programs
+will stop with a core-dump whenever a library routine reports an error.
+This is intended as a fail-safe default for programs which do not check
+the return status of library routines (we don't encourage you to write
+programs this way).
+
+If you turn off the default error handler it is your responsibility to
+check the return values of routines and handle them yourself. You can
+also customize the error behavior by providing a new error handler. For
+example, an alternative error handler could log all errors to a file,
+ignore certain error conditions (such as underflows), or start the
+debugger and attach it to the current process when an error occurs.
+
+All GSL error handlers have the type @code{gsl_error_handler_t}, which is
+defined in @file{gsl_errno.h},
+
+@deftp {Data Type} gsl_error_handler_t
+
+This is the type of GSL error handler functions. An error handler will
+be passed four arguments which specify the reason for the error (a
+string), the name of the source file in which it occurred (also a
+string), the line number in that file (an integer) and the error number
+(an integer). The source file and line number are set at compile time
+using the @code{__FILE__} and @code{__LINE__} directives in the
+preprocessor. An error handler function returns type @code{void}.
+Error handler functions should be defined like this,
+
+@example
+void handler (const char * reason,
+ const char * file,
+ int line,
+ int gsl_errno)
+@end example
+@end deftp
+@comment
+
+@noindent
+To request the use of your own error handler you need to call the
+function @code{gsl_set_error_handler} which is also declared in
+@file{gsl_errno.h},
+
+@deftypefun {gsl_error_handler_t *} gsl_set_error_handler (gsl_error_handler_t @var{new_handler})
+
+This function sets a new error handler, @var{new_handler}, for the GSL
+library routines. The previous handler is returned (so that you can
+restore it later). Note that the pointer to a user defined error
+handler function is stored in a static variable, so there can be only
+one error handler per program. This function should be not be used in
+multi-threaded programs except to set up a program-wide error handler
+from a master thread. The following example shows how to set and
+restore a new error handler,
+
+@example
+/* save original handler, install new handler */
+old_handler = gsl_set_error_handler (&my_handler);
+
+/* code uses new handler */
+.....
+
+/* restore original handler */
+gsl_set_error_handler (old_handler);
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+To use the default behavior (@code{abort} on error) set the error
+handler to @code{NULL},
+
+@example
+old_handler = gsl_set_error_handler (NULL);
+@end example
+@end deftypefun
+
+@deftypefun {gsl_error_handler_t *} gsl_set_error_handler_off ()
+This function turns off the error handler by defining an error handler
+which does nothing. This will cause the program to continue after any
+error, so the return values from any library routines must be checked.
+This is the recommended behavior for production programs. The previous
+handler is returned (so that you can restore it later).
+@end deftypefun
+
+The error behavior can be changed for specific applications by
+recompiling the library with a customized definition of the
+@code{GSL_ERROR} macro in the file @file{gsl_errno.h}.
+
+@node Using GSL error reporting in your own functions
+@section Using GSL error reporting in your own functions
+@cindex error handling macros
+If you are writing numerical functions in a program which also uses GSL
+code you may find it convenient to adopt the same error reporting
+conventions as in the library.
+
+To report an error you need to call the function @code{gsl_error} with a
+string describing the error and then return an appropriate error code
+from @code{gsl_errno.h}, or a special value, such as @code{NaN}. For
+convenience the file @file{gsl_errno.h} defines two macros which carry
+out these steps:
+
+@deffn {Macro} GSL_ERROR (@var{reason}, @var{gsl_errno})
+
+This macro reports an error using the GSL conventions and returns a
+status value of @code{gsl_errno}. It expands to the following code fragment,
+
+@example
+gsl_error (reason, __FILE__, __LINE__, gsl_errno);
+return gsl_errno;
+@end example
+
+@noindent
+The macro definition in @file{gsl_errno.h} actually wraps the code
+in a @code{do @{ ... @} while (0)} block to prevent possible
+parsing problems.
+@end deffn
+
+Here is an example of how the macro could be used to report that a
+routine did not achieve a requested tolerance. To report the error the
+routine needs to return the error code @code{GSL_ETOL}.
+
+@example
+if (residual > tolerance)
+ @{
+ GSL_ERROR("residual exceeds tolerance", GSL_ETOL);
+ @}
+@end example
+
+@deffn {Macro} GSL_ERROR_VAL (@var{reason}, @var{gsl_errno}, @var{value})
+
+This macro is the same as @code{GSL_ERROR} but returns a user-defined
+value of @var{value} instead of an error code. It can be used for
+mathematical functions that return a floating point value.
+@end deffn
+
+The following example shows how to return a @code{NaN} at a mathematical
+singularity using the @code{GSL_ERROR_VAL} macro,
+
+@example
+if (x == 0)
+ @{
+ GSL_ERROR_VAL("argument lies on singularity",
+ GSL_ERANGE, GSL_NAN);
+ @}
+@end example
+
+
+@node Error Reporting Examples
+@section Examples
+
+Here is an example of some code which checks the return value of a
+function where an error might be reported,
+
+@example
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <gsl/gsl_errno.h>
+#include <gsl/gsl_fft_complex.h>
+
+...
+ int status;
+ size_t n = 37;
+
+ gsl_set_error_handler_off();
+
+ status = gsl_fft_complex_radix2_forward (data, n);
+
+ if (status) @{
+ if (status == GSL_EINVAL) @{
+ fprintf (stderr, "invalid argument, n=%d\n", n);
+ @} else @{
+ fprintf (stderr, "failed, gsl_errno=%d\n",
+ status);
+ @}
+ exit (-1);
+ @}
+...
+@end example
+@comment
+
+@noindent
+The function @code{gsl_fft_complex_radix2} only accepts integer lengths
+which are a power of two. If the variable @code{n} is not a power of
+two then the call to the library function will return @code{GSL_EINVAL},
+indicating that the length argument is invalid. The function call to
+@code{gsl_set_error_handler_off} stops the default error handler from
+aborting the program. The @code{else} clause catches any other possible
+errors.
+