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Diffstat (limited to 'include/bsp/nand-mlc.h')
-rw-r--r-- | include/bsp/nand-mlc.h | 422 |
1 files changed, 422 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/include/bsp/nand-mlc.h b/include/bsp/nand-mlc.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..2aa8312945 --- /dev/null +++ b/include/bsp/nand-mlc.h @@ -0,0 +1,422 @@ +/** + * @file + * + * @ingroup lpc32xx_nand_mlc + * + * @brief NAND MLC controller API. + */ + +/* + * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 embedded brains GmbH. All rights reserved. + * + * embedded brains GmbH + * Obere Lagerstr. 30 + * 82178 Puchheim + * Germany + * <rtems@embedded-brains.de> + * + * Copyright (c) 2011 Stephan Hoffmann <sho@reLinux.de> + * + * The license and distribution terms for this file may be + * found in the file LICENSE in this distribution or at + * http://www.rtems.org/license/LICENSE. + */ + +#ifndef LIBBSP_ARM_LPC32XX_NAND_MLC_H +#define LIBBSP_ARM_LPC32XX_NAND_MLC_H + +#include <rtems.h> + +#include <bsp/utility.h> + +#ifdef __cplusplus +extern "C" { +#endif /* __cplusplus */ + +/** + * @defgroup lpc32xx_nand_mlc NAND MLC Controller + * + * @ingroup arm_lpc32xx + * + * @brief NAND MLC Controller. + * + * Timing constraints: + * + * -# (WR_LOW + 1) / HCLK >= tWP + * -# (WR_HIGH - WR_LOW) / HCLK >= tWH + * -# (WR_LOW + 1) / HCLK + (WR_HIGH - WR_LOW) / HCLK >= tWC + * -# (RD_LOW + 1) / HCLK >= tRP + * -# (RD_LOW + 1) / HCLK >= tREA + tSU + * -# (RD_HIGH - RD_LOW) / HCLK >= tREH + * -# (RD_LOW + 1) / HCLK + (RD_HIGH - RD_LOW) / HCLK >= tRC + * -# (RD_HIGH - RD_LOW) / HCLK + NAND_TA / HCLK >= tRHZ + * -# BUSY_DELAY / HCLK >= max(tWB, tRB) + * -# TCEA_DELAY / HCLK >= tCEA - tREA + * + * Known flash layouts (Format: SP = small pages, LP = large pages / address + * cycles / pages per block): + * + * -# SP/3/32 + * -# SP/4/32 + * -# LP/4/64 + * -# LP/5/64 + * -# LP/5/128 + * + * @{ + */ + +/** + * @name MLC NAND Flash Dimensions + * + * @{ + */ + +#define MLC_SMALL_PAGE_SIZE 528 +#define MLC_SMALL_DATA_SIZE 512 +#define MLC_SMALL_SPARE_SIZE 16 +#define MLC_SMALL_USER_SPARE_SIZE 6 +#define MLC_SMALL_ECC_SPARE_SIZE 10 +#define MLC_SMALL_DATA_WORD_COUNT (MLC_SMALL_DATA_SIZE / 4) +#define MLC_SMALL_SPARE_WORD_COUNT (MLC_SMALL_SPARE_SIZE / 4) +#define MLC_SMALL_PAGES_PER_LARGE_PAGE 4 +#define MLC_LARGE_PAGE_SIZE \ + (MLC_SMALL_PAGES_PER_LARGE_PAGE * MLC_SMALL_PAGE_SIZE) +#define MLC_LARGE_DATA_SIZE \ + (MLC_SMALL_PAGES_PER_LARGE_PAGE * MLC_SMALL_DATA_SIZE) +#define MLC_LARGE_SPARE_SIZE \ + (MLC_SMALL_PAGES_PER_LARGE_PAGE * MLC_SMALL_SPARE_SIZE) +#define MLC_LARGE_DATA_WORD_COUNT (MLC_LARGE_DATA_SIZE / 4) +#define MLC_LARGE_SPARE_WORD_COUNT (MLC_LARGE_SPARE_SIZE / 4) + +/** @} */ + +/** + * @name NAND Flash Clock Control Register (FLASHCLK_CTRL) + * + * @{ + */ + +#define FLASHCLK_IRQ_MLC BSP_BIT32(5) +#define FLASHCLK_MLC_DMA_RNB BSP_BIT32(4) +#define FLASHCLK_MLC_DMA_INT BSP_BIT32(3) +#define FLASHCLK_SELECT_SLC BSP_BIT32(2) +#define FLASHCLK_MLC_CLK_ENABLE BSP_BIT32(1) +#define FLASHCLK_SLC_CLK_ENABLE BSP_BIT32(0) + +/** @} */ + +/** + * @name MLC NAND Timing Register (MLC_TIME_REG) + * + * @{ + */ + +#define MLC_TIME_WR_LOW(val) BSP_FLD32(val, 0, 3) +#define MLC_TIME_WR_HIGH(val) BSP_FLD32(val, 4, 7) +#define MLC_TIME_RD_LOW(val) BSP_FLD32(val, 8, 11) +#define MLC_TIME_RD_HIGH(val) BSP_FLD32(val, 12, 15) +#define MLC_TIME_NAND_TA(val) BSP_FLD32(val, 16, 18) +#define MLC_TIME_BUSY_DELAY(val) BSP_FLD32(val, 19, 23) +#define MLC_TIME_TCEA_DELAY(val) BSP_FLD32(val, 24, 25) + +/** @} */ + +/** + * @name MLC NAND Lock Protection Register (MLC_LOCK_PR) + * + * @{ + */ + +#define MLC_UNLOCK_PROT 0xa25e + +/** @} */ + +/** + * @name MLC NAND Status Register (MLC_ISR) + * + * @{ + */ + +#define MLC_ISR_DECODER_FAILURE BSP_BIT32(6) +#define MLC_ISR_SYMBOL_ERRORS(reg) BSP_FLD32GET(reg, 4, 5) +#define MLC_ISR_ERRORS_DETECTED BSP_BIT32(3) +#define MLC_ISR_ECC_READY BSP_BIT32(2) +#define MLC_ISR_CONTROLLER_READY BSP_BIT32(1) +#define MLC_ISR_NAND_READY BSP_BIT32(0) + +/** @} */ + +/** + * @name MLC NAND Controller Configuration Register (MLC_ICR) + * + * @{ + */ + +#define MLC_ICR_SOFT_WRITE_PROT BSP_BIT32(3) +#define MLC_ICR_LARGE_PAGES BSP_BIT32(2) +#define MLC_ICR_ADDR_WORD_COUNT_4_5 BSP_BIT32(1) +#define MLC_ICR_IO_BUS_16 BSP_BIT32(0) + +/** @} */ + +/** + * @name MLC NAND Auto Encode Register (MLC_ECC_AUTO_ENC) + * + * @{ + */ + +#define MLC_ECC_AUTO_ENC_PROGRAM BSP_BIT32(8) + +/** @} */ + +/** + * @name NAND Status Register + * + * @{ + */ + +#define NAND_STATUS_ERROR (1U << 0) +#define NAND_STATUS_READY (1U << 6) +#define NAND_STATUS_NOT_PROTECTED (1U << 7) + +/** @} */ + +/** + * @brief MLC NAND controller configuration. + */ +typedef struct { + uint32_t flags; + + uint32_t block_count; + + /** + * @brief Value for the MLC NAND Timing Register (MLC_TIME_REG). + */ + uint32_t time; +} lpc32xx_mlc_config; + +/** + * @brief Selects small pages (512 Bytes user data and 16 Bytes spare data) + * or large pages (2048 Bytes user data and 64 Bytes spare data) if not set. + */ +#define MLC_SMALL_PAGES 0x1U + +/** + * @Brief Selects 4/5 address cycles for small/large pages or 3/4 address + * cycles if not set. + */ +#define MLC_MANY_ADDRESS_CYCLES 0x2U + +/** + * @brief Selects 64 pages per block or 128 pages per block if not set. + * + * This flag is only valid for large pages. + */ +#define MLC_NORMAL_BLOCKS 0x4U + +/** + * @brief Selects 16-bit IO width or 8-bit IO width if not set. + */ +#define MLC_IO_WIDTH_16_BIT 0x8U + +/** + * @brief Initializes the MLC NAND controller according to @a cfg. + */ +void lpc32xx_mlc_init(const lpc32xx_mlc_config *cfg); + +uint32_t lpc32xx_mlc_page_size(void); + +uint32_t lpc32xx_mlc_pages_per_block(void); + +uint32_t lpc32xx_mlc_block_count(void); + +uint32_t lpc32xx_mlc_io_width(void); + +void lpc32xx_mlc_write_protection( + uint32_t page_index_low, + uint32_t page_index_high +); + +void lpc32xx_mlc_read_id(uint8_t *id, size_t n); + +/** + * @brief Reads the page with index @a page_index. + * + * Bytes 6 to 15 of the spare area will contain the ECC. + * + * If the read is successful, then the @a symbol_error_count will contain the + * number of detected symbol errors (0, 1, 2, 3, or 4), else the value will be + * 0xffffffff. The @a symbol_error_count pointer may be @c NULL. + * + * @retval RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL Successful operation. + * @retval RTEMS_INVALID_ID Invalid @a page_index value. + * @retval RTEMS_IO_ERROR Uncorrectable bit error. + */ +rtems_status_code lpc32xx_mlc_read_page( + uint32_t page_index, + void *data, + void *spare, + uint32_t *symbol_error_count +); + +/** + * @brief Checks if the block with index @a block_index is valid. + * + * The initial valid block information of the manufacturer will be used. + * Unfortunately there seems to be no standard for this. A block will be + * considered as bad if the first or second page of this block does not contain + * 0xff at the 6th byte of the spare area. This should work for flashes with + * small pages and a 8-bit IO width. + * + * @retval RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL The block is valid. + * @retval RTEMS_INVALID_ID Invalid @a block_index value. + * @retval RTEMS_IO_ERROR Uncorrectable bit error. + * @retval RTEMS_INCORRECT_STATE The block is bad. + * @retval RTEMS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED No implementation available for this flash + * type. + */ +rtems_status_code lpc32xx_mlc_is_valid_block(uint32_t block_index); + +/** + * @brief Erases the block with index @a block_index. + * + * @retval RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL Successful operation. + * @retval RTEMS_INVALID_ID Invalid @a block_index value. + * @retval RTEMS_UNSATISFIED Erase error. + */ +rtems_status_code lpc32xx_mlc_erase_block(uint32_t block_index); + +/** + * @brief Erases the block with index @a block_index. + * + * In case of an erase error all pages and the spare areas of this block are + * programmed with zero values. This will hopefully mark the block as bad. + * + * @retval RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL Successful operation. + * @retval RTEMS_INCORRECT_STATE The block is bad. + * @retval RTEMS_INVALID_ID Invalid @a block_index value. + * @retval RTEMS_UNSATISFIED Erase error. + * @retval RTEMS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED No implementation available for this flash + * type. + */ +rtems_status_code lpc32xx_mlc_erase_block_safe(uint32_t block_index); + +/** + * @brief Erases the block with index @a block_index. + * + * Variant of lpc32xx_mlc_erase_block_safe() with more parameters for + * efficiency reasons. The @a page_begin must be the index of the first page + * of the block. The @a page_end must be the page index of the last page of + * the block plus one. + */ +rtems_status_code lpc32xx_mlc_erase_block_safe_3( + uint32_t block_index, + uint32_t page_begin, + uint32_t page_end +); + +/** + * @brief Writes zero values to the pages specified by @a page_begin and + * @a page_end. + * + * The data and spare area are cleared to zero. This marks the pages as bad. + */ +void lpc32xx_mlc_zero_pages(uint32_t page_begin, uint32_t page_end); + +/** + * @brief Writes the page with index @a page_index. + * + * Only the bytes 0 to 5 of the spare area can be used for user data, the bytes + * 6 to 15 will be used for the automatically generated ECC. + * + * @retval RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL Successful operation. + * @retval RTEMS_INVALID_ID Invalid @a page_index value. + * @retval RTEMS_IO_ERROR Write error. + */ +rtems_status_code lpc32xx_mlc_write_page_with_ecc( + uint32_t page_index, + const void *data, + const void *spare +); + +/** + * @brief Writes @a src_size Bytes from @a src to the flash area specified by + * @a block_begin and @a block_end. + * + * The @a page_buffer will be used as an intermediate buffer. + * + * @retval RTEMS_SUCCESSFUL Successful operation. + * @retval RTEMS_INVALID_ID Invalid @a block_begin or @a block_end value. + * @retval RTEMS_IO_ERROR Too many bad blocks or source area too big. + */ +rtems_status_code lpc32xx_mlc_write_blocks( + uint32_t block_begin, + uint32_t block_end, + const void *src, + size_t src_size, + uint32_t page_buffer [MLC_LARGE_DATA_WORD_COUNT] +); + +/** + * @brief Read blocks process function type. + * + * @see lpc32xx_mlc_read_blocks(). + * + * @retval false Continue processing. + * @retval true Stop processing. + */ +typedef bool (*lpc32xx_mlc_read_process)( + void *process_arg, + uint32_t page_index, + uint32_t page_size, + uint32_t page_data [MLC_LARGE_DATA_WORD_COUNT], + uint32_t page_spare [MLC_LARGE_SPARE_WORD_COUNT] +); + +/** + * @brief Reads the pages of block @a block_begin up to and excluding + * @a block_end. + * + * For each page @a process will be called with the @a process_arg parameter, + * the page_index, the page data and the page spare. + * + * The @a page_buffer_0 and @a page_buffer_1 will be used as + * intermediate buffers. + */ +rtems_status_code lpc32xx_mlc_read_blocks( + uint32_t block_begin, + uint32_t block_end, + lpc32xx_mlc_read_process process, + void *process_arg, + uint32_t page_buffer_0 [MLC_LARGE_DATA_WORD_COUNT], + uint32_t page_buffer_1 [MLC_LARGE_DATA_WORD_COUNT] +); + +/** + * @brief Checks if the page spare area indicates to a bad page. + * + * If the first (byte offset 0) or sixth (byte offset 5) byte of the spare area + * has a value other than 0xff, then it returns @a true (the page is bad), else + * it returns @a false (the page is not bad). + * + * Samsung uses the sixth byte to indicate a bad page. Mircon uses the first + * and sixth byte to indicate a bad page. + * + * This functions works only for small page flashes. + */ +static inline bool lpc32xx_mlc_is_bad_page(const uint32_t *spare) +{ + uint32_t first_byte_mask = 0x000000ff; + uint32_t sixth_byte_mask = 0x0000ff00; + + return (spare [0] & first_byte_mask) != first_byte_mask + || (spare [1] & sixth_byte_mask) != sixth_byte_mask; +} + +/** @} */ + +#ifdef __cplusplus +} +#endif /* __cplusplus */ + +#endif /* LIBBSP_ARM_LPC32XX_NAND_MLC_H */ |