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+<HTML>
+<BODY>
+<PRE>
+<!-- Manpage converted by man2html 3.0.1 -->
+
+</PRE>
+<H2>NAME</H2><PRE>
+ <B>newpad</B>, <B>subpad</B>, <B>prefresh</B>, <B>pnoutrefresh</B>, <B>pechochar</B> - create
+ and display <B>curses</B> pads
+
+
+</PRE>
+<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2><PRE>
+ <B>#include</B> <B>&lt;curses.h&gt;</B>
+
+ <B>WINDOW</B> <B>*newpad(int</B> <B>nlines,</B> <B>int</B> <B>ncols);</B>
+ <B>WINDOW</B> <B>*subpad(WINDOW</B> <B>*orig,</B> <B>int</B> <B>nlines,</B> <B>int</B> <B>ncols,</B>
+ <B>int</B> <B>begin_y,</B> <B>int</B> <B>begin_x);</B>
+ <B>int</B> <B>prefresh(WINDOW</B> <B>*pad,</B> <B>int</B> <B>pminrow,</B> <B>int</B> <B>pmincol,</B>
+ <B>int</B> <B>sminrow,</B> <B>int</B> <B>smincol,</B> <B>int</B> <B>smaxrow,</B> <B>int</B> <B>smaxcol);</B>
+ <B>int</B> <B>pnoutrefresh(WINDOW</B> <B>*pad,</B> <B>int</B> <B>pminrow,</B> <B>int</B> <B>pmincol,</B>
+ <B>int</B> <B>sminrow,</B> <B>int</B> <B>smincol,</B> <B>int</B> <B>smaxrow,</B> <B>int</B> <B>smaxcol);</B>
+ <B>int</B> <B>pechochar(WINDOW</B> <B>*pad,</B> <B>chtype</B> <B>ch);</B>
+
+
+</PRE>
+<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2><PRE>
+ The <B>newpad</B> routine creates and returns a pointer to a new
+ pad data structure with the given number of lines, <I>nlines</I>,
+ and columns, <I>ncols</I>. A pad is like a window, except that
+ it is not restricted by the screen size, and is not neces-
+ sarily associated with a particular part of the screen.
+ Pads can be used when a large window is needed, and only a
+ part of the window will be on the screen at one time.
+ Automatic refreshes of pads (<I>e</I>.<I>g</I>., from scrolling or echo-
+ ing of input) do not occur. It is not legal to call <B>wre-</B>
+ <B>fresh</B> with a <I>pad</I> as an argument; the routines <B>prefresh</B> or
+ <B>pnoutrefresh</B> should be called instead. Note that these
+ routines require additional parameters to specify the part
+ of the pad to be displayed and the location on the screen
+ to be used for the display.
+
+ The <B>subpad</B> routine creates and returns a pointer to a sub-
+ window within a pad with the given number of lines,
+ <I>nlines</I>, and columns, <I>ncols</I>. Unlike <B>subwin</B>, which uses
+ screen coordinates, the window is at position (<I>begin</I>_<I>x</I><B>,</B>
+ <I>begin</I>_<I>y</I>) on the pad. The window is made in the middle of
+ the window <I>orig</I>, so that changes made to one window affect
+ both windows. During the use of this routine, it will
+ often be necessary to call <B>touchwin</B> or <B>touchline</B> on <I>orig</I>
+ before calling <B>prefresh</B>.
+
+ The <B>prefresh</B> and <B>pnoutrefresh</B> routines are analogous to
+ <B>wrefresh</B> and <B>wnoutrefresh</B> except that they relate to pads
+ instead of windows. The additional parameters are needed
+ to indicate what part of the pad and screen are involved.
+ <I>pminrow</I> and <I>pmincol</I> specify the upper left-hand corner of
+ the rectangle to be displayed in the pad. <I>sminrow</I>, <I>smin-</I>
+ <I>col</I>, <I>smaxrow</I>, and <I>smaxcol</I> specify the edges of the rectan-
+ gle to be displayed on the screen. The lower right-hand
+ corner of the rectangle to be displayed in the pad is cal-
+ culated from the screen coordinates, since the rectangles
+ must be the same size. Both rectangles must be entirely
+ contained within their respective structures. Negative
+ values of <I>pminrow</I>, <I>pmincol</I>, <I>sminrow</I>, or <I>smincol</I> are
+ treated as if they were zero.
+
+ The <B>pechochar</B> routine is functionally equivalent to a call
+ to <B>addch</B> followed by a call to <B>refresh</B>, a call to <B>waddch</B>
+ followed by a call to <B>wrefresh</B>, or a call to <B>waddch</B> fol-
+ lowed by a call to <B>prefresh.</B> The knowledge that only a
+ single character is being output is taken into considera-
+ tion and, for non-control characters, a considerable per-
+ formance gain might be seen by using these routines
+ instead of their equivalents. In the case of <B>pechochar</B>,
+ the last location of the pad on the screen is reused for
+ the arguments to <B>prefresh</B>.
+
+
+</PRE>
+<H2>RETURN VALUE</H2><PRE>
+ Routines that return an integer return <B>ERR</B> upon failure
+ and <B>OK</B> (SVr4 only specifies "an integer value other than
+ <B>ERR</B>") upon successful completion.
+
+ Routines that return pointers return <B>NULL</B> on error, and
+ set <B>errno</B> to <B>ENOMEM</B>.
+
+
+</PRE>
+<H2>NOTES</H2><PRE>
+ Note that <B>pechochar</B> may be a macro.
+
+
+</PRE>
+<H2>PORTABILITY</H2><PRE>
+ The XSI Curses standard, Issue 4 describes these func-
+ tions.
+
+
+</PRE>
+<H2>SEE ALSO</H2><PRE>
+ <B><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></B>, <B><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></B>, <B><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></B>,
+ <B><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></B>.
+
+
+
+
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+
+</PRE>
+<HR>
+<ADDRESS>
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